ted英語演講稿

發布時間：2026-07-14

ted英語演講稿（通用14篇）

1.　ted英語演講稿篇一

　　People returning to work after a career break: I call them relaunchers. These are people who have taken career breaks for elder care, for childcare reasons, pursuing a personal interest or a personal health issue. Closely related are career transitioners of all kinds: veterans, military spouses, retirees coming out of retirement or repatriating expats. Returning to work after a career break is hard because of a disconnect between the employers and the relaunchers. Employers can view hiring people with a gap on their resume as a high-risk proposition, and individuals on career break can have doubts about their abilities to relaunch their careers, especially if they've been out for a long time. This disconnect is a problem that I'm trying to help solve.

　　有些人經過離職長假之后重新投入到工作中來，我稱他們為“再從業者”。這些人選擇休離職長假，有些是要照顧老人，有些是要照顧孩子，也有些是追求個人愛好，或是健康因素。各行各業轉業的人都與之緊密相關：退伍軍人、軍嫂，退休返聘的人，或遣返回國者。離職長假后重返工作是非常困難的，因為雇主和再從業者之間有了隔閡。雇主們認為，雇傭這些簡歷上工作時間不連貫的人是風險極高的決策，而正在離職長假中的人可能對自己再從業的能力產生疑慮，特別是那些離職時間較長者。兩者間的缺乏聯系是我在嘗試解決的問題。

　　Now, successful relaunchers are everywhere and in every field. This is Sami Kafala. He's a nuclear physicist in the UK who took a five-year career break to be home with his five children. The Singapore press recently wrote about nurses returning to work after long career breaks. And speaking of long career breaks, this is Mimi Kahn. She's a social worker in Orange County, California, who returned to work in a social services organization after a 25-year career break. That's the longest career break that I'm aware of. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor took a five-year career break early in her career.

　　如今，我們在各行各業都能見到成功的再從業者。這位是薩米·科法拉，他是英國的一位核物理學家，因為要在家照顧五個孩子而度過了五年的離職長假。新加坡的媒體最近發表了文章，內容是有關離職長假后再從業的護士。提到長時間的離職假期，這位是米米·卡恩,她是加州奧蘭治縣的一位社工，她在度過20xx年的離職長假后回到了一個社會服務組織工作。這是據我所知最長的離職假期。最高法院法官桑德拉·戴·奧康納，在其職業生涯早期度過了五年離職長假。

　　And this is Tracy Shapiro, who took a 13-year career break. Tracy answered a call for essays by the Today Show from people who were trying to return to work but having a difficult time of it. Tracy wrote in that she was a mom of five who loved her time at home, but she had gone through a divorce and needed to return to work, plus she really wanted to bring work back into her life because she loved working. Tracy was doing what so many of us do when we feel like we've put in a good day in the job search. She was looking for a finance or accounting role, and she had just spent the last nine months very diligently researching companies online and applying for jobs with no results.

　　這位是特蕾西·莎碧羅，她度過了20xx年的離職長假。特蕾西答復了從“今日秀”節目觀眾中征集到的問題，他們想要重返工作，卻發現很難做到。特蕾西寫道：自己是五個孩子的母親，也很享受居家的時間，但是她歷經了一次離婚，并且急需回到工作狀態，另外，她很想把工作帶回她的生活中，因為她也很享受工作。特蕾西也曾做過我們很多人所做的事，每天不停的搜尋合適的工作。她找過財經、會計領域的職位，她在那之前花掉了九個月時間，很努力地調查網上的公司，然后投放簡歷，卻一無所獲。

　　I met Tracy in June of 20xx, when the Today Show asked me if I could work with her to see if I could help her turn things around. The first thing I told Tracy was she had to get out of the house. I told her she had to go public with her job search and tell everyone she knew about her interest in returning to work. I also told her, "You are going to have a lot of conversations that don't go anywhere. Expect that, and don't be discouraged by it. There will be a handful that ultimately lead to a job opportunity."

　　我在20xx年六月見到了特蕾西，那時“今日秀”節目問我可否與她合作，看我能不能幫她走出困境。我告訴特蕾西的第一件事，就是她必須走出家門。我告訴她，她必須公開自己求職的想法，然后告訴她認識的所有人，自己再從業的強烈意愿。我還告訴她，“有很多你參與的對話是對你完全沒有幫助的。你要做好心理準備，別因為那些而灰心喪氣。找到工作機會之前，確實要經歷很多瑣事。”

　　I'll tell you what happened with Tracy in a little bit, but I want to share with you a discovery that I made when I was returning to work after my own career break of 11 years out of the full-time workforce. And that is, that people's view of you is frozen in time. What I mean by this is, when you start to get in touch with people and you get back in touch with those people from the past, the people with whom you worked or went to school, they are going to remember you as you were before your career break. And that's even if your sense of self has diminished over time, as happens with so many of us the farther removed we are from our professional identities. So for example, you might think of yourself as someone who looks like this. This is me, crazy after a day of driving around in my minivan. Or here I am in the kitchen. But those people from the past, they don't know about any of this. They only remember you as you were, and it's a great confidence boost to be back in touch with these people and hear their enthusiasm about your interest in returning to work.

　　我稍后再告訴你們特蕾西是如何處理的，我想先跟大家分享我的一個發現，那時我剛剛回到工作中，結束了自己離開全職工作大軍20xx年的長假。這個發現就是，人們對你的印象凝固在過去。我的意思是，當你再次開始與人打交道，與曾經合作過的人重新接觸，例如跟你一起上學、工作過的人，他們對你的印象是離職長假之前的你。我們的自我意識隨著時間推移逐漸淡化，我們很多人都會這樣，我們距離我們的職業身份也就越來越遠。舉個例子，你可能把你自己看成這樣。這就是我，開了一天小面包車，整個人感覺很瘋狂。這是我在廚房里的樣子。但是從前的那些人，他們對這些一無所知。他們只記得你曾經的樣子，當你重新與這些人溝通時，真是大大的增強了自信心，而且他們對你有再從業的興趣感到非常的開心。

　　There's one more thing I remember vividly from my own career break. And that was that I hardly kept up with the business news. My background is in finance, and I hardly kept up with any news when I was home caring for my four young children. So I was afraid I'd go into an interview and start talking about a company that didn't exist anymore. So I had to resubscribe to the Wall Street Journal and read it for a good six months cover to cover before I felt like I had a handle on what was going on in the business world again.

　　我還清晰地記得發生在我離職長假中的一件事。那時我幾乎完全不關注經濟新聞。我曾是財經行業出身，然而我在家照顧四個孩子時，我幾乎不關注任何的新聞。所以我很害怕，自己去參加面試的時候，會講到一個不復存在的公司。所以我重新訂閱了華爾街日報，然后連續看了六個月，之后我才覺得自己對經濟又有了點解了。

　　I believe relaunchers are a gem of the workforce, and here's why. Think about our life stage: for those of us who took career breaks for childcare reasons, we have fewer or no maternity leaves. We did that already. We have fewer spousal or partner job relocations. We're in a more settled time of life. We have great work experience. We have a more mature perspective. We're not trying to find ourselves at an employer's expense. Plus we have an energy, an enthusiasm about returning to work precisely because we've been away from it for a while.

　　我相信再從業者是勞動大軍中的精英，原因如下。想想我們人生的階段：對于那些因為要照顧孩子而休離職假期的人，大都沒有產假，或是產假很短。我們早就做過這些了。我們離婚率較低，也很少因伴侶而調整工作。我們的生活更穩定。我們有很棒的工作經歷，更成熟的眼光，我們不會成為雇主的犧牲品。此外，我們有一種能量-重返崗位的熱情，正是因為我們離職一段時間了。另外，我也跟雇主討論，On the flip side, I speak with employers, and here are two concerns that employers have about hiring relaunchers.

　　以下是雇主們關于雇傭再從業者的兩個擔憂。

　　The first one is, employers are worried that relaunchers are technologically obsolete. Now, I can tell you, having been technologically obsolete myself at one point, that it's a temporary condition. I had done my financial analysis so long ago that I used Lotus 1-2-3. I don't know if anyone can even remember back that far, but I had to relearn it on Excel. It actually wasn't that hard. A lot of the commands are the same. I found PowerPoint much more challenging, but now I use PowerPoint all the time. I tell relaunchers that employers expect them to come to the table with a working knowledge of basic office management software. And if they're not up to speed, then it's their responsibility to get there. And they do.

　　其一，雇主擔心這些再從業者技術方面比較落后。我可以告訴各位，雖然有段時間我自己技術確實落后，但那只是暫時的。很早以前我用“蓮花123”軟件來做財經分析，我不知道有沒有人還記得那么早以前的事了，這些技能我得在Excel上重新拾起。其實這并并非難事，很多的操作指令是一樣的。我發現PowerPoint更具挑戰性，但現在我對PowerPoint駕輕就熟。我告訴再從業者們，雇主希望找工作的人對基本的辦公管理軟件有實踐經驗。如果他們操作速度不夠快，那他們就必須變得更高效。而他們確實做得到。

　　The second area of concern that employers have about relaunchers is they're worried that relaunchers don't know what they want to do. I tell relaunchers that they need to do the hard work to figure out whether their interests and skills have changed or have not changed while they have been on career break. That's not the employer's job. It's the relauncher's responsibility to demonstrate to the employer where they can add the most value.

　　雇主對再從業者的第二種憂慮，就是他們擔心再從業者不清楚他們想要做什么。我告訴再從業者，他們必須仔細研究，了解自己的愛好或者技能在離職長假的過程中是否發生了變化。這不是雇主的職責。這個是再從業者的責任，把自己展現給雇主，來充分展示自己可創造的價值。

　　Back in 20xx I started noticing something. I had been tracking return to work programs since 20xx, and in 20xx, I started noticing the use of a short-term paid work opportunity, whether it was called an internship or not, but an internship-like experience, as a way for professionals to return to work. I saw Goldman Sachs and Sara Lee start corporate reentry internship programs. I saw a returning engineer, a nontraditional reentry candidate, apply for an entry-level internship program in the military, and then get a permanent job afterward. I saw two universities integrate internships into mid-career executive education programs.

　　20xx年，我開始注意到一件事。我從20xx年開始追蹤人們重返崗位的情況，然而在20xx年，我開始注意到，一種短期、帶薪的工作機會開始出現，不論它是不是名叫“實習”，但總之是一個很像實習的經歷，這為重回崗位的專業人士開辟了一條道路。我看到高盛和莎莉集團都開始了此類二次從業的實習項目。我看到一個再從業的工程師，算是不太傳統的再從業人士，申請了一個軍方的初級實習項目，后來他獲得了一個永久的工作。我看到兩所大學將實習項目整合到職業中期管理學教育項目中。

　　So I wrote a report about what I was seeing, and it became this article for Harvard Business Review called "The 40-Year-Old Intern." I have to thank the editors there for that title, and also for this artwork where you can see the 40-year-old intern in the midst of all the college interns. And then, courtesy of Fox Business News, they called the concept "The 50-Year-Old Intern."

　　于是，就我所觀察到的現象，我寫了一篇報告，后來它發表在了《哈佛商業評論》中，名字叫《40歲的實習生》。我必須得感謝編者擬的標題，還有這個很棒的配圖，你們可以看到那個40歲的實習生出現在一群大學實習生中。后來，還得感謝福克斯商業新聞，他們把這個概念稱為“50歲的實習生”。

　　So five of the biggest financial services companies have reentry internship programs for returning finance professionals. And at this point, hundreds of people have participated. These internships are paid, and the people who move on to permanent roles are commanding competitive salaries. And now, seven of the biggest engineering companies are piloting reentry internship programs for returning engineers as part of an initiative with the Society of Women Engineers. Now, why are companies embracing the reentry internship? Because the internship allows the employer to base their hiring decision on an actual work sample instead of a series of interviews, and the employer does not have to make that permanent hiring decision until the internship period is over. This testing out period removes the perceived risk that some managers attach to hiring relaunchers, and they are attracting excellent candidates who are turning into great hires.

　　五家最大的金融服務公司都設立了再從業實習項目，專為重回崗位的金融精英。截至目前，數百人參與了這些項目。這些實習項目是帶薪的，而且那些晉升到永久崗位的人，都有極具競爭力的薪資。現在，七家最大的工程公司，也在推行再從業實習項目，來幫助重返崗位的工程師，這也是女性工程師協會新方案的一部分。那么，為什么這些企業大力支持再從業實習呢?因為這種實習可以讓雇主基于參與者實際工作成效來做出雇傭決策，而非一系列的'面試，而且雇主不必在實習結束之前就做出永久雇傭的決定。這段試驗期消除了一定的風險，這關乎某些經理人對雇傭再從業者的擔憂，同時，這也吸引了大量再從業人士，他們成為了出色的雇傭對象。

　　Think about how far we have come. Before this, most employers were not interested in engaging with relaunchers at all. But now, not only are programs being developed specifically with relaunchers in mind, but you can't even apply for these programs unless you have a gap on your résumé.

　　各位,想一想我們取得的進步，在此之前，大多數雇主根本沒興趣與再從業者打交道。然而現在，有許多項目在開展實施，特別是針對再從業者的項目，如果簡歷上沒有一段空檔期，你根本不能申請這些項目。

　　This is the mark of real change, of true institutional shift, because if we can solve this problem for relaunchers, we can solve it for other career transitioners too. In fact, an employer just told me that their veterans return to work program is based on their reentry internship program. And there's no reason why there can't be a retiree internship program. Different pool, same concept.

　　這標志著一種實質變化，一種真正的制度變革，因為如果我們可以為再從業者解決這個問題，我們亦可為其他的職業轉型者解決同樣的問題。事實上，一位雇主剛剛告訴我，他們的“退伍軍人再從業項目”，就是基于他們的再從業實習項目。我們也沒有理由不去設立一個“退休人士實習項目”。不同的對象，相同的概念。

　　So let me tell you what happened with Tracy Shapiro. Remember that she had to tell everyone she knew about her interest in returning to work. Well, one critical conversation with another parent in her community led to a job offer for Tracy, and it was an accounting job in a finance department. But it was a temp job. The company told her there was a possibility it could turn into something more, but no guarantees. This was in the fall of 20xx. Tracy loved this company, and she loved the people and the office was less than 10 minutes from her house. So even though she had a second job offer at another company for a permanent full-time role, she decided to take her chances with this internship and hope for the best. Well, she ended up blowing away all of their expectations, and the company not only made her a permanent offer at the beginning of 20xx, but they made it even more interesting and challenging, because they knew what Tracy could handle.

　　讓我告訴你們特蕾西·莎碧羅最后發生了什么。各位回想一下，她必須告訴她認識的每一個人，自己對重返工作崗位很有興趣。結果，她與自己社區里的長輩進行了一次關鍵的談話，這讓她找到了一份工作邀請。那是一個金融部門的會計工作。但那是臨時的。公司告訴她，有可能有崗位晉升的機會，但是不能保證。那是20xx年的秋天。特蕾西很愛那個公司，而且她喜歡那里的員工，從辦公室去她家只需10分鐘。所以即使她后來得到了第二份工作邀請，來自另一家公司，而且有永久、全職的保證，她決定在這份實習項目中冒冒險，盡人事，聽天命。最后，她的業績遠遠超出了所有人的期望值，公司不但提供了她永久崗位，那是在20xx年初，而且他們還讓她的工作更加有趣、有挑戰性，因為他們知道特蕾西可以辦得到。

　　Fast forward to 20xx, Tracy's been promoted. They've paid for her to get her MBA at night. She's even hired another relauncher to work for her. Tracy's temp job was a tryout, just like an internship, and it ended up being a win for both Tracy and her employer.

　　時間快進到20xx年，特蕾西獲得了晉升。公司為她的夜校工商管理課程買單。她甚至雇傭了另一位再從業者為她工作。特蕾西的臨時工作像是一個試驗，就像實習項目，而最終，特蕾西和她的雇主達到了雙贏局面。

　　Now, my goal is to bring the reentry internship concept to more and more employers. But in the meantime, if you are returning to work after a career break, don't hesitate to suggest an internship or an internship-like arrangement to an employer that does not have a formal reentry internship program. Be their first success story, and you can be the example for more relaunchers to come.

　　我的目標是將這種再從業實習的概念推薦給越來越多的雇主。但是與此同時，如果你在離職長假后重返崗位，別猶豫向雇主提議設立實習項目，或者類似實習項目的想法，特別是那些沒有正式的再從業實習項目的公司。爭當他們的第一個成功故事，而你們都可以成為未來更多再從業者的楷模。

　　Thank you.

　　謝謝大家。

2.　ted英語演講稿篇二

　　I want to start by doing an experiment. I'mgoing to play three videos of a rainy day. But I've replaced the audio of oneof the videos, and instead of the sound of rain, I've added the sound of baconfrying. So I want you think carefully which one the clip with the bacon is.

　　我想用一個實驗來開始我的演講。我將給你們播放三段雨天的視頻。不過我把其中一個視頻里的音頻換成了別的，它不再是下雨的聲音，變成了煎培根的聲音。我想讓你們認真聽，找出哪個視頻里是煎培根聲。

　　Raise your hand if you've ever been asked the question "What do you want to be when you grow up?"

　　如果你們曾被問過這個問題，請舉手“你長大之后想干什么?”

　　Now if you had to guess, how old would you say you were when you were first asked this question? You can just hold up fingers. Three. Five. Three. Five. Five. OK. Now, raise your hand if the question "What do you want to be when you grow up?" has ever caused you any anxiety.

　　現在大家回想一下，你們第一次被問這個問題是多大?你們可以舉手指頭來示意一下。三歲，五歲，三歲，五歲，五歲，好的。接下來，如果剛剛說的這個問題，“你長大之后想干什么?”曾經讓你感到焦慮，請舉手。

　　Any anxiety at all.

　　哪怕一點點焦慮。

　　I'm someone who's never been able to answer the question "What do you want to be when you grow up?"

　　我永遠無法回答這個問題，“你長大之后想干什么?”

　　See, the problem wasn't that I didn't have any interests -- it's that I had too many. In high school, I liked English and math and art and I built websites and I played guitar in a punk band called Frustrated Telephone Operator. Maybe you've heard of us.

　　并不是說我沒有興趣愛好，而是我的興趣愛好太多。高中的時候，我喜歡英語、數學和藝術，建過網站在一個叫“失意電話話務員”的朋克樂隊當吉他手。也許你們還聽說過我們樂隊呢。

　　This continued after high school, and at a certain point, I began to notice this pattern in myself where I would become interested in an area and I would dive in, become all-consumed, and I'd get to be pretty good at whatever it was, and then I would hit this point where I'd start to get bored. And usually I would try and persist anyway, because I had already devoted so much time and energy and sometimes money into this field. But eventually this sense of boredom, this feeling of, like, yeah, I got this, this isn't challenging anymore -- it would get to be too much. And I would have to let it go.

　　高中畢業后我也依舊興趣廣泛，某一天，我發現自己有一個行為模式，我會對某一個領域感興趣，然后一頭扎進去，認真鉆研，變得越來越擅長，但到了某一個階段，我就會開始覺得無聊。通常我會繼續堅持下去，因為我已經投入了很多時間和精力，有時候還有金錢。但是最終這種無聊的感覺，就像在說，哦，這事我已經會了，已經沒有任何挑戰了，再繼續也不會有多大成就了。我必須要放手。

　　But then I would become interested in something else, something totally unrelated, and I would dive into that, and become all-consumed, and I'd be like, "Yes! I found my thing," and then I would hit this point again where I'd start to get bored. And eventually, I would let it go. But then I would discover something new and totally different, and I would dive into that.

　　但之后我可能又會對另一些事感興趣，跟之前完全不同的領域，我又會一頭扎進去，認真鉆研，然后說，“太棒了!這就是我的菜!”之后我又會達到那個階段，開始覺得無聊。最后，我又會放棄。之后我又會發現新的興趣，不同的領域然后一頭扎進去。

　　This pattern caused me a lot of anxiety, for two reasons. The first was that I wasn't sure how I was going to turn any of this into a career. I thought that I would eventually have to pick one thing, deny all of my other passions, and just resign myself to being bored. The other reason it caused me so much anxiety was a little bit more personal. I worried that there was something wrong with this, and something wrong with me for being unable to stick with anything. I worried that I was afraid of commitment, or that I was scattered, or that I was self-sabotaging, afraid of my own success.

　　這種模式讓我非常焦慮，原因有兩點。一是我不確定如何才能將這些興趣變成我的職業。我覺得自己最終會從(這些興趣)里面挑一個，而對其他愛好忍痛割愛，做好將來一定會無聊的心理準備。讓我非常焦慮的第二個原因，跟我自身有關。我擔心自己的這種行為模式是錯的，自己這么朝三暮四，是不是錯了。我是不是害怕做出承諾，或者自由散漫，破罐子破摔，懼怕成功。

　　If you can relate to my story and to these feelings, I'd like you to ask yourself a question that I wish I had asked myself back then. Ask yourself where you learned to assign the meaning of wrong or abnormal to doing many things. I'll tell you where you learned it: you learned it from the culture.

　　如果你能理解我的故事和我的感受，請你們問自己一個問題，這個問題我早就該問自己的。就是，你是從哪里學到該如何判斷我們的所作所為是錯誤的或者不正常的。我來告訴你答案：是從我們的文化中學到的。

　　We are first asked the question "What do you want to be when you grow up?" when we're about five years old. And the truth is that no one really cares what you say when you're that age.

　　我們第一次被問到“你長大之后想干什么?”是在差不多五歲的時候。其實像你那么大的時候沒有人會真的關心你說了什么。

　　It's considered an innocuous question, posed to little kids to elicit cute replies, like, "I want to be an astronaut," or "I want to be a ballerina," or "I want to be a pirate." Insert Halloween costume here.

　　這僅僅是一個無傷大雅的問題，為的是讓小朋友做出可愛的回應，比如，“我想當宇航員”，或者“我想當芭蕾舞演員”，或者“我想當海盜”。此處應加萬圣節服裝的特效。

　　But this question gets asked of us again and again as we get older in various forms -- for instance, high school students might get asked what major they're going to pick in college. And at some point, "What do you want to be when you grow up?" goes from being the cute exercise it once was to the thing that keeps us up at night. Why?

　　然而這個問題，在我們成長的過程中會不斷被問到形式多種多樣，比如，高中生會被問到，你們在大學準備選什么專業。突然有一天，“你長大之后想干什么?”從原本一種秀可愛的方式變成了讓我們寢食難安的難題。為什么會這樣?

　　See, while this question inspires kids to dream about what they could be, it does not inspire them to dream about all that they could be. In fact, it does just the opposite, because when someone asks you what you want to be, you can't reply with 20 different things, though well-meaning adults will likely chuckle and be like, "Oh, how cute, but you can't be a violin maker and a psychologist. You have to choose."

　　盡管這個問題鼓勵小朋友想象自己將來要做什么，但它并未給小朋友充分想象的自由。恰恰相反，它限制了小朋友想象的自由，因為有人問你長大后想做什么，你不可能回答20種不同的職業，盡管有些善良的大人會笑呵呵地說，“哦，你太可愛了，但是你不能同時成為小提琴制作家和心理學家啊。你必須選一個。”

　　This is Dr. Bob Childs -- and he's a luthier and psychotherapist. And this is Amy Ng, a magazine editor turned illustrator, entrepreneur, teacher and creative director. But most kids don't hear about people like this. All they hear is that they're going to have to choose. But it's more than that. The notion of the narrowly focused life is highly romanticized in our culture. It's this idea of destiny or the one true calling, the idea that we each have one great thing we are meant to do during our time on this earth, and you need to figure out what that thing isand devote your life to it.

　　這位是鮑勃·柴爾茲博士，他是一名弦樂器工匠和心理醫生。這位是艾米·恩，之前是雜志編輯，后來成為插畫作家，企業家教師和創意總監。但大部分孩子都沒聽說過他們。他們聽到的只是要他們進行選擇和取舍。事情遠不止這么簡單。一生都心無旁騖的這一觀念，在我們的文化中被過分浪漫化了。這種命運論或者說“命中注定的職業”的概念，意思是我們每個人都有一份命中注定的偉大事業，我們需要找到它，并為之奮斗一生。

　　But what if you're someone who isn't wired this way? What if there are a lot of different subjects that you're curious about, and many different things you want to do? Well, there is no room for someone like you in this framework. And so you might feel alone. You might feel like you don't have a purpose. And you might feel like there's something wrong with you. There's nothing wrong with you. What you are is a multipotentialite.

　　但如果你不是這樣的人呢?如果你對很多事都有好奇心，想去嘗試各種各樣的職業呢?那么在現有體系中，你很難有容身之處。你也許會感到孤獨。你也許會覺得自己沒有目標。你也許會覺得自己是不是有問題。你沒有問題。你是一名“多重潛力者”。

　　A multipotentialite is someone with many interests and creative pursuits. It's a mouthful to say. It might help if you break it up into three parts: multi, potential, and ite. You can also use one of the other terms that connote the same idea, such as polymath, the Renaissance person. Actually, during the Renaissance period, it was considered the ideal to be well-versed in multiple disciplines. Barbara Sher refers to us as "scanners." Use whichever term you like, or invent your own. I have to say I find it sort of fitting that as a community, we cannot agree on a single identity.

　　“多重潛力者”擁有多種興趣并且追求創新。聽起來很費解吧。如果把它拆成三部分可能比較好理解：多重的，有潛力的，人。你也可以用其他詞來表述類似的意思，比如“博學者”，或者“文藝復興者”。實際上，在文藝復興時代，精通多個學科是非常被推崇的。芭芭拉·謝爾稱我們為“掃描儀”。你可以選擇一個自己喜歡的詞，或者創造一個新的。我感覺自己找到了組織，因為我們無法接受只有一種身份。

　　It's easy to see your multipotentiality as a limitation or an affliction that you need to overcome. But what I've learned through speaking with people and writing about these ideas on my website, is that there are some tremendous strengths to being this way. Here are three multipotentialite super powers.

　　人們很容易把多重潛力視為一種局限或者痛苦，需要克服。但我通過與人們交流，以及把這些觀點發到我的網站上，我發現多重潛力者有很多優點。多重潛力者擁有三種“超能力”。

　　One: idea synthesis. That is, combining two or more fields and creating something new at the intersection.Sha Hwang and Rachel Binx drew from their shared interests in cartography, data visualization, travel, mathematics and design, when they founded Meshu. Meshu is a company that creates custom geographically-inspired jewelry. Sha and Rachel came up with this unique idea not despite, but because of their eclectic mix of skills and experiences. Innovation happens at the intersections. That's where the new ideas come from. And multipotentialites, with all of their backgrounds, are able to access a lot of these points of intersection.

　　第一是產生創意。就是說，結合兩個或兩個以上領域從結合處尋求創新。黃沙和瑞秋·賓克斯找到了共同的興趣愛好，像制圖，數據可視化，旅行，數學和設計，之后他們創辦了Meshu。 Meshu是一家定制珠寶公司，專門制作具有地域特色的珠寶。黃沙和瑞秋之所以能產生這個獨特的'創意，正是因為他倆博學多才，經歷豐富。創新來源于交叉處。新創意(大都)來源于此。而多重潛力者，擁有豐富的(知識)背景，能夠在各領域交叉處找到突破點。

　　The second multipotentialite superpower is rapid learning. When multipotentialites become interested in something, we go hard. We observe everything we can get our hands on. We're also used to being beginners, because we've been beginners so many times in the past, and this means that we're less afraid of trying new things and stepping out of our comfort zones. What's more, many skills are transferable across disciplines, and we bring everything we've learned to every new area we pursue, so we're rarely starting from scratch.

　　多重潛力者的第二種超能力是快速學習。當多重潛力者對某件事產生興趣時，我們會全身心投入。我們仔細觀察，勤于實踐。我們已經習慣于當初學者，因為我們過去曾當過無數次初學者，我們不怕嘗試新事物，勇于走出舒適區。除此以外，很多能力在各個學科都是通用的，我們將之前所學用于新領域，而不用從零開始。

　　Nora Dunn is a full-time traveler and freelance writer. As a child concert pianist, she honed an incredible ability to develop muscle memory. Now, she's the fastest typist she knows.

　　諾拉·鄧恩是一位全職旅行家和自由作家。作為一名兒童鋼琴演奏家，她磨練出了非凡的能力來發展肌肉記憶。因此，她是她所有認識的人中打字最快的。

　　Before becoming a writer, Nora was a financial planner. She had to learn the finer mechanics of sales when she was starting her practice, and this skill now helps her write compelling pitches to editors. It is rarely a waste of time to pursue something you're drawn to, even if you end up quitting. You might apply that knowledge in a different field entirely, in a way that you couldn't have anticipated.

　　在當作家之前，諾拉是一名理財師。在初入這行的時候，她不得不學習一些高明的銷售技巧，如今這項技能被她用來給編輯寫精彩的推薦語。追求你感興趣的東西并不是浪費時間，即使最后你并沒有堅持到底。也許將來你會把這些知識用在一個完全不同的領域，用一種你完全預料不到的方式。

　　The third multipotentialite superpower is adaptability; that is, the ability to morph into whatever you need to be in a given situation. Abe Cajudo is sometimes a video director, sometimes a web designer, sometimes a Kickstarter consultant, sometimes a teacher, and sometimes, apparently, James Bond.

　　第三種“超能力”是適應性。也就是說，如果有需要，你能變成任何角色，以適應不同的情況。艾比·卡胡多有時候是視頻導演，有時候是網站設計師，有時候是眾籌顧問，有時候是老師，有時候，很明顯，是詹姆斯·邦德。

　　He's valuable because he does good work. He's even more valuable because he can take on various roles,depending on his clients' needs. Fast Company magazine identified adaptability as the single most important skill to develop in order to thrive in the 21st century. The economic world is changing so quickly and unpredictably that it is the individuals and organizations that can pivot in order to meet the needs of the market that are really going to thrive.

　　他擁有出色的工作能力。更重要的是他可以隨時切換自己的角色，來滿足客戶的需要。《快公司》雜志認為，要想在21世紀取得成功，適應性是最重要的一項技能。經濟界的變化如此迅速且無法預測，那些能夠根據市場需要進行調整的個人和公司才有可能取得成功。

　　Idea synthesis, rapid learning and adaptability: three skills that multipotentialites are very adept at, and three skills that they might lose if pressured to narrow their focus. As a society, we have a vested interest in encouraging multipotentialites to be themselves. We have a lot of complex, multidimensional problems in the world right now, and we need creative, out-of-the-box thinkers to tackle them.

　　產生創意，快速學習和適應性是多重潛力者非常擅長的三種能力，如果強迫他們縮小自己的關注范圍，這三種能力也許就會喪失。作為一個社會，鼓勵多重潛力者保持本色對我們有利。我們如今面臨許多復雜問題，涉及許多方面，我們需要有創意的、能破除思維定式的思想者來解決這些問題。

　　Now, let's say that you are, in your heart, a specialist. You came out of the womb knowing you wanted to be a pediatric neurosurgeon. Don't worry -- there's nothing wrong with you, either.

　　我們假設，內心深處，你是一名專家。你從打娘胎里出來就知道你想當一名兒童神經外科醫生。別擔心，即使這樣你也挺正常的。

　　In fact, some of the best teams are comprised of a specialist and multipotentialite paired together. The specialist can dive in deep and implement ideas, while the multipotentialite brings a breadth of knowledge to the project. It's a beautiful partnership. But we should all be designing lives and careers that are aligned with how we're wired. And sadly, multipotentialites are largely being encouraged simply to be more like their specialist peers.

　　事實上，一些頂尖團隊就是由專家和多重潛力者搭配組成。專家可以深入研究，實踐想法，而多重潛力者可以為項目帶來更廣泛的知識支持。這是一種美妙的合作。但是我們都應該根據自己的天賦來規劃與之相適應的人生和職業。不幸的是，多重潛力者往往被要求成為(剛剛提到的)團隊中的那個專家。

　　So with that said, if there is one thing you take away from this talk, I hope that it is this: embrace your inner wiring, whatever that may be. If you're a specialist at heart, then by all means, specialize. That is where you'll do your best work. But to the multipotentialites in the room, including those of you who may have just realized in the last 12 minutes that you are one --

　　所以，如果你從今天的演講中學到了一件事的話，我希望會是：接受你內心的真實想法。如果你是專家型的人，那就用盡一切辦法，成為專家。你會干得非常不錯。但對于在座的多重潛力者們，包括那些在過去的12分鐘里剛剛意識到自己是多重潛力者的人。

　　To you I say: embrace your many passions. Follow your curiosity down those rabbit holes. Explore your intersections. Embracing our inner wiring leads to a happier, more authentic life. And perhaps more importantly -- multipotentialites, the world needs us.Thank you.

　　我要對你們說：接受你的眾多愛好。保持你的好奇心。探索(不同領域的)交叉地帶。讓真實的自我引領我們去過更快樂、更真實的人生。也許更重要的是，(我們是)多重潛力者，這個世界需要我們。謝謝大家。

3.　ted英語演講稿篇三

　　Look, I had second thoughts, really, about whether I could talk about this to such a vital and alive audience as you guys. Then I remembered the quote from Gloria Steinem, which goes, "The truth will set you free, but first it will piss you off." (Laughter) So -- (Laughter)

　　So with that in mind, I'm going to set about trying to do those things here, and talk about dying in the 21st century. Now the first thing that will piss you off, undoubtedly, is that all of us are, in fact, going to die in the 21st century. There will be no exceptions to that. There are, apparently, about one in eight of you who think you're immortal, on surveys, but -- (Laughter) Unfortunately, that isn't going to happen.

　　While I give this talk, in the next 10 minutes, a hundred million of my cells will die, and over the course of today, 2,000 of my brain cells will die and never come back, so you could argue that the dying process starts pretty early in the piece.

　　Anyway, the second thing I want to say about dying in the 21st century, apart from it's going to happen to everybody, is it's shaping up to be a bit of a train wreck for most of us, unless we do something to try and reclaim this process from the rather inexorable trajectory that it's currently on.

　　So there you go. That's the truth. No doubt that will piss you off, and now let's see whether we can set you free. I don't promise anything. Now, as you heard in the intro, I work in intensive care, and I think I've kind of lived through the heyday of intensive care. It's been a ride, man. This has been fantastic. We have machines that go ping. There's many of them up there. And we have some wizard technology which I think has worked really well, and over the course of the time I've worked in intensive care, the death rate for males in Australia has halved, and intensive care has had something to do with that. Certainly, a lot of the technologies that we use have got something to do with that.

　　So we have had tremendous success, and we kind of got caught up in our own success quite a bit, and we started using expressions like "lifesaving." I really apologize to everybody for doing that, because obviously, we don't. What we do is prolong people's lives, and delay death, and redirect death, but we can't, strictly speaking, save lives on any sort of permanent basis.

　　And what's really happened over the period of time that I've been working in intensive care is that the people whose lives we started saving back in the '70s, '80s, and '90s, are now coming to die in the 21st century of diseases that we no longer have the answers to in quite the way we did then.

　　So what's happening now is there's been a big shift in the way that people die, and most of what they're dying of now isn't as amenable to what we can do as what it used to be like when I was doing this in the '80s and '90s.

　　So we kind of got a bit caught up with this, and we haven't really squared with you guys about what's really happening now, and it's about time we did. I kind of woke up to this bit in the late '90s when I met this guy. This guy is called Jim, Jim Smith, and he looked like this. I was called down to the ward to see him. His is the little hand. I was called down to the ward to see him by a respiratory physician. He said, "Look, there's a guy down here. He's got pneumonia, and he looks like he needs intensive care. His daughter's here and she wants everything possible to be done." Which is a familiar phrase to us. So I go down to the ward and see Jim, and his skin his translucent like this. You can see his bones through the skin. He's very, very thin, and he is, indeed, very sick with pneumonia, and he's too sick to talk to me, so I talk to his daughter Kathleen, and I say to her, "Did you and Jim ever talk about what you would want done if he ended up in this kind of situation?" And she looked at me and said,

　　"No, of course not!" I thought, "Okay. Take this steady." And I got talking to her, and after a while, she said to me, "You know, we always thought there'd be time."

　　Jim was 94. (Laughter) And I realized that something wasn't happening here. There wasn't this dialogue going on that I imagined was happening. So a group of us started doing survey work, and we looked at four and a half thousand nursing home residents in Newcastle, in the Newcastle area, and discovered that only one in a hundred of them had a plan about what to do when their hearts stopped beating. One in a hundred. And only one in 500 of them had plan about what to do if they became seriously ill. And I realized, of course, this dialogue is definitely not occurring in the public at large.

4.　ted英語演講稿篇四

　　我選擇在網絡聲中被倒下就在網絡聲中爬起來，當你被罵得小有名氣的時候我就暗自思量，反正也是挨罵，不如用最積極的方式迎接罵聲。20__年3月3日，我在微博上面發出了一條名為"愛的罵罵"的微博，只要在我這條微博下面留言的，，不管是鼓勵我的，罵我的，還是隨便說說的，我都捐五毛，24個小時，有十萬多條留言，捐款金額是50693.5元，作為北京一家殘疾孤兒康復機構的手術費，在這里我要對每一位留言的人表示感謝。

　　在現實生活中頑強活著的殘疾孤兒，其中有一個孩子在手術后的一年，終于有機會可以站起來了，當我看到她第一次站起，我很感動，也很驕傲，這個"黑姑娘"干了一件痛快的事。是的，我說出了金額，我知道一定會有人說，"捐那么少還好意思報數"我相信現在大部分人都不愿意公布捐款金額，因為捐款已經不再是一件隨心的行為，而是成為大家根據金額的多少來衡量愛心的大小。

　　我相信在座的的各位，也一定有過朋友之間隨份子，該給多少才合適的煩惱，我之所以說出來，不僅僅是因為，我覺得隨心的行為需要躲閃，更因為"愛的罵罵"是每一個留言的鏡子。當時罵過我的人，也許在兩年后的今天聽到我說這番話，會想起曾經不太善意的留言，卻給了這些孩子們有機會獲得新生，這同樣值得高興，其實我們每個人都有不同階段的新生，不是嗎?"愛的罵罵"發出那一刻，我如重生般釋然了，雖然，我不像很多演員那樣，擁有令人贊嘆的表演才華，自己也覺得不是天生吃這碗飯的，但是既然選擇了演員這份職業，我相信只要通過自己的努力和善待他人，就可以讓自己的家人和自己過上幸福美滿的生活，然而這一切，在20__年的夏天，被一句開創演藝界網絡暴力先河的"滾出娛樂圈"所動搖，我是第一個被放在主語位置的人，袁姍姍，這個名字好像從此和"一無是處"劃上了等號，那個時候不管說什么、做什么、演什么都不對。更有媒體總結了"袁姍姍不被觀眾所喜歡的五大理由"第一條理由是"沒有理由"這是得有多深厚的感情基礎，才能達到的境界。

　　20__年確實挺讓人操心的，從春天到夏天，都沒有平靜過，一開始我也有些懊惱，不知道到底發生了什么，我既沒有不勞而獲，也沒有做傷天害理的事，為什么讓我"滾"?沒多久，我想明白一個道理，誰都可以說我不好，但是自己必須接納那個心安理得的自己，既然我的演藝生涯要從倒數開始，那我之后的每一點進步都是充滿喜悅，從零分到六十分比從滿分到六十分，哪個更讓人開心呢?

　　也是從那個時候，我重拾扔下了多年的小提琴，還有健身，運動讓我心情愉快，不工作的時候練琴和健身會讓我的每一天都過得很充實，根本沒有過多的時間停留在網上，更顧不上網友的圍觀。

　　我建議那些沉迷于網絡的年輕人，每天可以擠出一點時間鍛煉身體，當有朝一日被他人欺負的時候，至少可以像我一樣，身輕如燕，自由翻滾，作為過去也許將來還會遭遇網絡暴力的過來人，我不喜歡再有人因為網絡暴力而受到傷害，請善用語言讓人言可敬。

　　特別感謝在那段特殊時間陪伴，我的家人和朋友，感謝他們承受住了一個當時還沒有來得及減肥，各方面份量都很重的我，經歷了這些，并不是想說明自己有多強大，但確實因為這些切身經歷讓我有了足夠的時間去思考，我曾經問過自己一個問題，如果我當時真的不堪重負放棄了演員這個職業，是否網絡暴力就會消失，答案當然不會，既然還是要面對，就應該積極地面對.

　　前不久，我參與了一部公益電影的拍攝，電影傳遞了一個非常積極的理念：每個人都有自由選擇的機會和權利，無論你生下來是幸福的還是不幸的，我非常贊同，所以我選擇做一個積極快樂的自己，不再受控于網絡暴力中，不再只能看到消極的一面，都說做公益是在幫助他人，在我身上成全了一個更加快樂的自己，電影的名字叫《有一天》我想在這里特別推薦一下，雖然我只參演了電影的一部分，但也給我帶來很多啟發和感動，這部電影關注了九類特殊兒童群體，我參與拍攝的故事和聾啞兒童有關，跟我一起搭檔演出的也是一名聾啞兒童，拍攝之前，我還有些顧慮，我不知道該怎么去跟他交流，我擔心因為自己不小心的舉動傷害到他，但是見面之后，我才發現成年人的世界真的是，因為想太多而變得復雜，只要我們保持一顆平常的心，用平等的方式去交流，就不會存在特別的障礙，重要的是你怎么看，而不是他怎么想，拍攝的那幾天，我平靜而快樂，每當完成一個鏡頭，這個小少年都會跟我豎起大拇指示意，他這個小小的舉動也提醒了我和我們，有人選擇贊美，有人則不!

　　感謝"愛的罵罵"感謝《有一天》感謝喝倒彩時刻提醒我的人，感謝一直鼓勵我的家人和朋友，我希望能有更多的人

　　可以像我一樣，主動地從逆境中走出來，這個世界還有很多需要我們關心的事去做，需要我們關心的人去愛，保持自己的真實，倔強地活下去。

　　I choose in network sound by the fall on the climb up the network sound, when you get it a little famous I thought, it is better to meet with scolded, condemning the most positive way. In March 3, 20__, I issued a "love mama" micro-blog on micro-blog, as long as in my micro-blog comments below, and whether it is encouraging me, scold me, or casual, I donated 50 Fen, 24 hours, more than 100 thousand message, the donation amount is 50693.5 yuan, as a Beijing disabled orphans surgery rehabilitation institutions, here I want to every message thank you.

　　In real life, live strong disabled orphans, one child in a year after operation, finally have the opportunity to stand up, when I saw her for the first time to stand up, I was very moved, very proud of this "black girl" did a good thing. Yes, I say the amount I know some people will say, "donate so little Weasley off" I believe now that most people are not willing to publish the donation amount, because the donation is no longer a heart of behavior, but we become according to the amount to measure how much the size of love.

　　I believe all of you, there must have been friends with the elements, how much is appropriate trouble, I say, not just because I feel heart behavior need to dodge, but also because "love mama is a mirror of the message. When scolded me, maybe two years later to hear me say these words, will remember not too good message, gave the children a chance, this is happy, in fact, we each have a different stage of the new, not love mama? From that moment, I like reborn as relieved, though, I like a lot of actors that have admirable acting talent, feel not born to eat a bowl of rice, but since the choice of the actors of this occupation, I believe that through their own efforts and be kind to others, you can make your own family. And they live a happy life, but all of this, in the summer of 20__, was a pioneering shake showbiz network violence first get out of entertainment, I was the first one to be placed in the subject position of people, Yuan Shanshan, this name seems to be from "Nothing is right." sign, at that time no matter what to say, what to do, what's wrong. More media summed up the Yuan Shanshan is not the audience like the five reasons, the first reason is that there is no reason, this is a more profound emotional foundation, in order to achieve the realm.

　　20__ is really a worry, from spring to summer, are not calm, I also started a little vexed, don't know what happened, I have neither something for nothing, nor do wicked things, why let me roll? Not long, I want to understand a truth, who can say I'm not good, but he must accept that comfort myself, since my career is going to start from the bottom, every bit of progress that I later are full of joy, from zero to sixty from out to sixty points, which make people happy?

　　From that time, I regain dropped years of violin, and fitness, exercise makes me feel good, and practicing fitness will let me every day to the fullest when not working, there is not too much time on the Internet, no more friends in the crowd.

　　I suggest young people who are addicted to the Internet, every day can squeeze a little time to exercise, when some day in the future is bullied, at least you can like me, shenqingruyan, free rolling, as past, perhaps the future will encounter the network violence over, I don't love hurt because the network violence again, please use let the other person worthy of language.

　　Special thanks to the company at that period of time, my family and friends, thank them to withstand a time yet to lose weight, the weight is very heavy for me, these experiences, and not to show how powerful you are, but because these experiences let me have enough time to think and I asked you a question, if I was really overwhelmed abandoned actor in this occupation, whether the network violence will disappear, of course not, since still have to face, should actively face.

　　Not long ago, I participated in a charity film, the film has a very positive philosophy: everyone has the freedom to choose the right and opportunity, whether it is happy or not you born, I agree very much, so I choose to be a positive and happy self, no longer controlled by the network of violence, not only see the negative side, say to do charity is to help other people, in my body into a more happy, the name of the movie called "one day" here I would like to recommend a special, although I only made a part of the film, but also to I brought a lot of inspiration and moved, the film focused on nine classes of special groups of children, I participated in the filming of the story and deaf children, together with my partner before the show is also a deaf children, shooting, I still have some Worry, I do not know how to communicate with him, I am worried because you accidentally move to hurt him, but after the meeting, I found that the adult world is really too much, because I want to become more complex, as long as we keep a normal heart, with equal way to communicate, do not there are particular obstacles, it is important how you see, rather than what he thinks, that a few days of shooting, I am calm and happy, whenever a lens, the boy will tell me the thumbs up sign, he this small action also remind me and us, some people choose to have praise. People are not!

　　Thank you love mama for "one day" to remind me of the boos, thank you always encourage my family and friends, I hope to have more people

　　Can be like me, take the initiative to come out from the face of adversity, the world there are many things we need to do to do, we need to care about people to love, to maintain their true, stubborn to live.

5.　ted英語演講稿篇五

　　When you are a kid, you get asked this one particular question a lot, it really gets kind of annoying. What do you want to be when you grow up? Now, adults are hoping for answers like, I want to be an astronaut or I want to be a neurosurgeon, you’re adults in your imaginations.

　　Kids, they’re most likely to answer with pro-skateboarder, surfer or minecraft player. I asked my little brother, and he said, seriously dude, I’m 10, I have no idea, probably a pro-skier, let’s go get some ice cream.

　　See, us kids are going to answer something we’re stoked on, what we think is cool, what we have experience with, and that’s typically the opposite of what adults want to hear.

　　But if you ask a little kid, sometimes you’ll get the best answer, something so simple, so obvious and really profound. When I grow up, I want to be happy.

　　For me, when I grow up, I want to continue to be happy like I am now. I’m stoked to be here at TedEx, I mean, I’ve been watching Ted videos for as long as I can remember, but I never thought I’d make it on the stage here so soon. I mean, I just became a teenager, and like most teenage boys, I spend most of my time wondering, how did my room get so messy all on its own.

　　Did I take a shower today? And the most perplexing of all, how do I get girls to like me? Neurosciences say that the teenage brain is pretty weird, our prefrontal cortex is underdeveloped, but we actually have more neurons than adults, which is why we can be so creative, and impulsive and moody and get bummed out.

　　But what bums me out is to know that, a lot of kids today are just wishing to be happy, to be healthy, to be safe, not bullied, and be loved for who they are. So it seems to me when adults say, what do you want to be when you grow up? They just assume that you’ll automatically be happy and healthy.

　　Well, maybe that’s not the case, go to school, go to college, get a job, get married, boom, then you’ll be happy, right? You don’t seem to make learning how to be happy and healthy a priority in our schools, it’s separate from schools. And for some kids, it doesn’t exists at all? But what if we didn’t make it separate? What if we based education on the study and practice of being happy and healthy, because that’s what it is, a practice, and a simple practice at that?

　　Education is important, but why is being happy and healthy not considered education, I just don’t get it. So I’ve been studying the science of being happy and healthy. It really comes down to practicing these eight things. Exercise, diet and nutrition, time in nature, contribution, service to others, relationships, recreation, relaxation and stress management, and religious or spiritual involvement, yes, got that one.

　　So these eight things come from Dr. Roger Walsh, he calls them Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes or TLCs for short. He is a scientist that studies how to be happy and healthy. In researching this talk, I got a chance to ask him a few questions like; do you think that our schools today are making these eight TLCs a priority? His response was no surprise, it was essentially no. But he did say that many people do try to get this kind of education outside of the traditional arena, through reading and practices such as meditation or yoga.

　　But what I thought was his best response was that, much of education is oriented for better or worse towards making a living rather than making a life.

　　In 20__, Sir Ken Robinson gave the most popular Ted talk of all time. Schools kill creativity. His message is that creativity is as important as literacy, and we should treat it with the same status.

　　A lot of parents watched those videos, some of those parents like mine counted it as one of the reasons they felt confident to pull their kids from traditional school to try something different. I realized I’m part of this small, but growing revolution of kids who are going about their education differently, and you know what? It freaks a lot of people out.

　　Even though I was only nine, when my parents pulled me out of the school system, I can still remember my mom being in tears when some of her friends told her she was crazy and it was a stupid idea.

　　Looking back, I’m thankful she didn’t cave to peer pressure, and I think she is too. So, out of the 200 million people that have watched Sir Ken Robinson’s talk, why aren’t there more kids like me out there?

　　Shane McConkey is my hero. I loved him because he was the world’s best skier. But then, one day I realized what I really loved about Shane, he was a hacker. Not a computer hacker, he hacked skiing. His creativity and inventions made skiing what it is today, and why I love to ski. A lot of people think of hackers as geeky computer nerds who live in their parent’s basement and spread computer viruses, but I don’t see it that way.

6.　ted英語演講稿篇六

　　See, us kids are going to answer something we’re stoked on, what we think is cool, what we have experience with, and that’s typically the opposite of what adults want to hear.

　　But if you ask a little kid, sometimes you’ll get the best answer, something so simple, so obvious and really profound. When I grow up, I want to be happy.

　　But what I thought was his best response was that, much of education is oriented for better or worse towards making a living rather than making a life.

　　In 20__, Sir Ken Robinson gave the most popular Ted talk of all time. Schools kill creativity. His message is that creativity is as important as literacy, and we should treat it with the same status.

　　Even though I was only nine, when my parents pulled me out of the school system, I can still remember my mom being in tears when some of her friends told her she was crazy and it was a stupid idea.

　　Hackers are innovators, hackers are people who challenge and change the systems to make them work differently, to make them work better, it’s just how they think, it’s a mindset.

　　I’m growing up in a world that needs more people with the hacker mindset, and not just for technology, everything is up for being hacked, even skiing, even education. So whether it’s Steve Jobs, Mark Zuckerberg or Shane McConkey having the hacker mindset can change the world.

　　Healthy, happy, creativity in the hacker mindset are all a large part of my education. I call it Hackschooling, I don’t use any one particular curriculum, and I’m not dedicated to any one particular approach, I hack my education.

　　I take advantage of opportunities in my community, and through a network of my friends and family. I take advantage of opportunities to experience what I’m learning, and I’m not afraid to look for shortcuts or hacks to get a better faster result. It’s like a remix or a mash-up of learning. It’s flexible, opportunistic, and it never loses sight of making happy, healthy and creativity a priority.

　　And here is the cool part, because it’s a mindset, not a system. Hackschooling can be used anyone, even traditional schools. Soo what does my school look like? Well, it looks like Starbucks a lot of the time, but like most kids I study lot of math, science, history and writing. I didn’t used to like to write because my teachers made me write about butterflies and rainbows, and I wanted to write about skiing.

　　It was a relief for my good friend’s mom, started the Squaw Valley Kids Institute, where I got to write through my experiences and my interests, while, connecting with great speakers from around the nation, and that sparked my love of writing.

　　I realized that once you’re motivated to learn something, you can get a lot done in a short amount of time, and on your own, Starbucks is pretty great for that. Hacking physics was fun, we learned all about Newton and Galileo, and we experienced some basic physics concepts like kinetic energy through experimenting and making mistakes.

　　My favorite was the giant Newton’s cradle that we made out of bowling balls, no bocce balls. We experimented with lot of other things like bowling balls and event giant jawbreakers.

　　Project Discovery’s ropes course is awesome, and slightly stressful. When you’re 60 feet off the ground, you have to learn how to handle your fears, communicate clearly, and most importantly, trust each other.

　　Community organizations play a big part in my education, High Fives Foundation’s Basics Program being aware and safe in critical situations. We spent a day with the Squaw Valley Ski Patrol to learn more about mountain safety, then the next day we switched to science of snow, weather and avalanches.

　　But most importantly, we learned that making bad decisions puts you and your friends at risk. Young should talk, well brings history to life. You study a famous character in history, and so that you can stand on stage and perform as that character, and answer any question about their lifetime.

　　In this photo, you see Al Capone and Bob Marley getting grilled with questions at the historical Piper’s Opera House in Virginia City, the same stage where Harry Houdini got his start.

　　Time and nature is really important to me, it’s calm, quiet and I get to just log out of reality. I spend one day a week, outside all day. At my Fox Walkers classes, our goal is to be able to survive in the wilderness with just a knife. We learn to listen to nature, we learn to sense our surroundings, and I’ve gained a spiritual connection to nature that, I never knew existed.

　　But the best part is that we get to make spears, bows and arrows, fires with just a bow drill and survival shelters for the snowy nights when we camp out. Hanging out at the Moment Factory where they hand make skis and design clothes, has really inspired me to one day have my own business. The guys at the factory showed me why I need to be good at math, be creative and get good at selling.

　　So I got an internship at Big Shark Print to get better at design and selling. Between fetching lunch, scrubbing toilets and breaking their vacuum cleaner, I’m getting to contribute to clothing design, customizing hats and selling them. The people who work there are happy, healthy, creative, and stoked to be doing what they are doing, this is by far my favorite class.

　　So, this is why I’m really happy, powder days, and it’s a good metaphor for my life, my education, my hackschooling. If everyone ski this mountain, like most people think of education, everyone will be skiing the same line, probably the safest and most of the powder would go untouched.

　　I look at this, and see a thousand possibilities, dropping the corners, shredding the spine, looking for a churning from cliff-to-cliff. Skiing to me is freedom, and so is my education, it’s about being creative; doing things differently, it’s about community and helping each other. It’s about being happy and healthy among my very best friends.

　　So I’m starting to think, I know what I might want to do when I grow up, but if you ask me what do I want to be when I grow up? I’ll always know that I want to be happy. Thank you.

7.　ted英語演講稿篇七

　　do you think it's possible to control someone's attention? even more than that, what about predicting human behavior? i think those are interesting ideas, if you could. i mean, for me, that would be the perfect superpower, actually kind of an evil way of approaching it. but for myself, in the past, i've spent the last 20 years studying human behavior from a rather unorthodox way: picking pockets. when we think of misdirection, we think of something as looking off to the side, when actually it's often the things that are right in front of us that are the hardest things to see, the things that you look at every day that you're blinded to.

　　for example, how many of you still have your cell phones on you right now? great. double-check. make sure you still have them on you. i was doing some shopping beforehand. now you've looked at them probably a few times today, but i'm going to ask you a question about them. without looking at your cell phone directly yet, can you remember the icon in the bottom right corner? bring them out, check, and see how accurate you were. how'd you do? show of hands. did we get it?

　　now that you're done looking at those, close them down, because every phone has something in common. no matter how you organize the icons, you still have a clock on the front. so, without looking at your phone, what time was it? you just looked at your clock, right? it's an interesting idea. now, i'll ask you to take that a step further with a game of trust. close your eyes. i realize i'm asking you to do that while you just heard there's a pickpocket in the room, but close your eyes.

　　now, you've been watching me for about 30 seconds. with your eyes closed, what am i wearing? make your best guess. what color is my shirt? what color is my tie? now open your eyes. by a show of hands, were you right?

　　it's interesting, isn't it? some of us are a little bit more perceptive than others. it seems that way. but i have a different theory about that, that model of attention. they have fancy models of attention, posner's trinity model of attention. for me, i like to think of it very simple, like a surveillance system. it's kind of like you have all these fancy sensors, and inside your brain is a little security guard. for me, i like to call him frank. so frank is sitting at a desk. he's got all sorts of cool information in front of him, high-tech equipment, he's got cameras, he's got a little phone that he can pick up, listen to the ears, all these senses, all these perceptions. but attention is what steers your perceptions, is what controls your reality. it's the gateway to the mind. if you don't attend to something, you can't be aware of it. but ironically, you can attend to something without being aware of it. that's why there's the cocktail effect: when you're in a party, you're having conversations with someone, and yet you can recognize your name and you didn't even realize you were listening to that.

　　now, for my job, i have to play with techniques to exploit this, to play with your attention as a limited resource. so if i could control how you spend your attention, if i could maybe steal your attention through a distraction. now, instead of doing it like misdirection and throwing it off to the side, instead, what i choose to focus on is frank, to be able to play with the frank inside your head, your little security guard, and get you, instead of focusing on your external senses, just to go internal for a second. so if i ask you to access a memory, like, what is that? what just happened? do you have a wallet? do you have an american express in your wallet? and when i do that, your frank turns around. he accesses the file. he has to rewind the tape. and what's interesting is, he can't rewind the tape at the same time that he's trying to process new data.

　　now, i mean, this sounds like a good theory, but i could talk for a long time and tell you lots of things, and they may be true, a portion of them, but i think it's better if i tried to show that to you here live. so if i come down, i'm going to do a little bit of shopping. just hold still where you are.

　　hello, how are you? it's lovely to see you. you did a wonderful job onstage. you have a lovely watch that doesn't come off very well. do you have your ring as well? good. just taking inventory. you're like a buffet. it's hard to tell where to start, there's so many great things.

　　hi, how are you? good to see you.

　　hi, sir, could you stand up for me, please? just right where you are. oh, you're married. you follow directions well. that's nice to meet you, sir. you don't have a whole lot inside your pockets. anything down by the pocket over here? hopefully so. have a seat. there you go. you're doing well.

　　hi, sir, how are you? good to see you, sir. you have a ring, a watch. do you have a wallet on you? joe: i don't. apollo robbins: well, we'll find one for you. come on up this way, joe. give joe a round of applause. come on up joe. let's play a game.

　　(applause)

　　pardon me.

　　i don't think i need this clicker anymore. you can have that. thank you very much. i appreciate that.

　　come on up to the stage, joe. let's play a little game now. do you have anything in your front pockets? joe: money. ar: money. all right, let's try that. can you stand right over this way for me? turn around and, let's see, if i give you something that belongs to me, this is just something i have, a poker chip. hold out your hand for me. watch it kind of closely. now this is a task for you to focus on. now you have your money in your front pocket here? joe: yup. ar: good. i'm not going to actually put my hand in your pocket. i'm not ready for that kind of commitment. one time a guy had a hole in his pocket, and that was rather traumatizing for me. i was looking for his wallet and he gave me his phone number. it was a big miscommunication.

　　so let's do this simply. squeeze your hand. squeeze it tight. do you feel the poker chip in your hand? joe: i do. ar: would you be surprised if i could take it out of your hand? say yes. joe: very. ar: good. open your hand. thank you very much. i'll cheat if you give me a chance. make it harder for me. just use your hand. grab my wrist, but squeeze, squeeze firm. did you see it go? joe: no. ar: no, it's not here. open your hand. see, while we're focused on the hand, it's sitting on your shoulder right now. go ahead and take it off. now, let's try that again. hold your hand out flat. open it up all the way. put your hand up a little bit higher, but watch it close there, joe. see, if i did it slowly, it'd be back on your shoulder. (laughter) joe, we're going to keep doing this till you catch it. you're going to get it eventually. i have faith in you. squeeze firm. you're human, you're not slow. it's back on your shoulder. you were focused on your hand. that's why you were distracted. while you were watching this, i couldn't quite get your watch off. it was difficult. yet you had something inside your front pocket. do you remember what it was? joe: money. ar: check your pocket. see if it's still there. is it still there? (laughter) oh, that's where it was. go ahead and put it away. we're just shopping. this trick's more about the timing, really. i'm going to try to push it inside your hand. put your other hand on top for me, would you? it's amazingly obvious now, isn't it? it looks a lot like the watch i was wearing, doesn't it?

　　(laughter) (applause)

　　joe: that's pretty good. that's pretty good. ar: oh, thanks. but it's only a start. let's try it again, a little bit differently. hold your hands together. put your other hand on top. now if you're watching this little token, this obviously has become a little target. it's like a red herring. if we watch this kind of close, it looks like it goes away. it's not back on your shoulder. it falls out of the air, lands right back in the hand. did you see it go? yeah, it's funny. we've got a little guy. he's union. he works up there all day. if i did it slowly, if it goes straightaway, it lands down by your pocket. i believe is it in this pocket, sir? no, don't reach in your pocket. that's a different show. so -- (squeaking noise) -- that's rather strange. they have shots for that. can i show them what that is? that's rather bizarre. is this yours, sir? i have no idea how that works. we'll just send that over there.

　　that's great. i need help with this one. step over this way for me. now don't run away. you had something down by your pants pocket. i was checking mine. i couldn't find everything, but i noticed you had something here. can i feel the outside of your pocket for a moment? down here i noticed this. is this something of yours, sir? is this? i have no idea. that's a shrimp.

　　joe: yeah. i'm saving it for later.

　　ar: you've entertained all of these people in a wonderful way, better than you know. so we'd love to give you this lovely watch as a gift. (laughter) hopefully it matches his taste. but also, we have a couple of other things, a little bit of cash, and then we have a few other things. these all belong to you, along with a big round of applause from all your friends. (applause)

　　oe, thank you very much.

　　(applause)

　　so, same question i asked you before, but this time you don't have to close your eyes. what am i wearing?

　　(laughter)

　　(applause)

　　attention is a powerful thing. like i said, it shapes your reality. so, i guess i'd like to pose that question to you. if you could control somebody's attention, what would you do with it?

　　thank you.

8.　ted英語演講稿篇八

　　演說題目：Questioning the universe

　　演說者：Stephen Hawking

　　There is nothing bigger or older than the universe. The questions I would like to talk about are: one, where did we come from? How did the universe come into being? Are we alone in the universe? Is there alien life out there? What is the future of the human race?

　　沒什么比宇宙更廣大更久遠的了。你們的問題中我想聊一下的是：你我何從?宇宙何來?宇宙中就只有我們?有外星異生物么?人類的未來將會如何?

　　Up until the 1920s, everyone thought the universe was essentially static and unchanging in time. Then it was discovered that the universe was expanding. Distant galaxies were moving away from us. This meant they must have been closer together in the past. If we extrapolate back, we find we must have all been on top of each other about 15 billion years ago. This was the Big Bang, the beginning of the universe.

　　上世紀20xx年代之前，所有人都以為宇宙基本上是處于穩態，流金歲月，持恒不變。之后我們發現原來宇宙正在膨脹中。遼遠星系一直飛離我們，這意味著它們必定曾相靠近。我們若往后推算，就會發現我們必都曾於約150億年前，互相堆疊在一起。正是這 "霹靂大爆炸" ——宇宙之起始。

　　But was there anything before the Big Bang? If not, what created the universe? Why did the universe emerge from the Big Bang the way it did? We used to think that the theory of the universe could be divided into two parts. First, there were the laws like Maxwell's equations and general relativity that determined the evolution of the universe, given its state over all of space at one time. And second, there was no question of the initial state of the universe.

　　然而大爆炸前可有什么嗎?若是沒有，又是什么創造宇宙呢?宇宙緣何要從大霹靂中冒出呢?過往我們都認為宇宙論可分成兩部分，首先，是定律。像“麥克斯韋方程組”'和 “廣義相對論”以其于同一刻設定整個時空之狀態，而決定了宇宙之演化進程。次之，是對宇宙雛形的疑問。

　　We have made good progress on the first part, and now have the knowledge of the laws of evolution in all but the most extreme conditions. But until recently, we have had little idea about the initial conditions for the universe. However, this division into laws of evolution and initial conditions depends on time and space being separate and distinct.

　　第一部分我們取得良好進展，除了“至極端境況”'以外。現在已對演化規律于所有境況下之進程有所掌握。可直至最近，我們仍對宇宙初生當時之周圍條件不甚了了。然而，這演化律及初始條件之界分，乃囿于"時空分明"之概念內。

　　Under extreme conditions, general relativity and quantum theoryallow time to behave like another dimension of space. This removes the distinction between time and space, and means the laws of evolution can also determine the initial state. The universe can spontaneously create itself out of nothing.

　　而於極端條件下，廣義相對論及量子論容許“時間”如同“空間”的另一維度般運作。這就將“時.空”之間區別移除了，即是說演化律亦可決定初始狀態。宇宙可以由無變有自我創生!

　　Moreover, we can calculate a probability that the universe was created in different states. These predictions are in excellent agreement with observations by the WMAP satellite of the cosmic microwave background, which is an imprint of the very early universe. We think we have solved the mystery of creation. Maybe we should patent the universe and charge everyone royalties for their existence.

　　我們甚至可以計算出宇宙在不同情況下誕生的可能性。這些推論與WMAP衛星所觀測到的宇宙微波背景輻射(即大爆炸之痕跡)相當一致。我們相信已勘破了創造奧秘或許我們應將“宇宙”給注冊，然后向每個生存于世的人收“生活費”。

　　I now turn to the second big question: are we alone, or is there other life in the universe? We believe that life arose spontaneously on the Earth, so it must be possible for life to appear on other suitable planets, of which there seem to be a large number in the galaxy.

　　現在我轉到第二個大問題去，宇宙中就只有我們，還是另有其它生物?我們相信生命從地球自我衍生，故此生命確有可能出現於其它合適星球——星河中看來可有不少呢。

　　But we don't know how life first appeared. We have two pieces of observational evidence on the probability of life appearing. The first is that we have fossils of algae from 3.5 billion years ago. The Earth was formed 4.6 billion years ago and was probably too hot for about the first half billion years. So life appeared on Earth within half a billion years of it being possible, which is short compared to the 10-billion-year lifetime of a planet of Earth type. This suggests that the probability of life appearing is reasonably high. If it was very low, one would have expected it to take most of the ten billion years available.

　　但我們仍未攪通生命是如何生成：對於生命誕生的可能契機，我們有兩項觀測得來的佐證。首先我們有來自35億年前的海藻化石。地球于46億年前形成，頭約5億年相信仍太熱了。故此生命于其變得可能后的5億年間方出現，這相對于像地球之類百億年期的星體，只算是一段短時間。這意味著生命出現的概率是頗高的。若是低的話，就可預期要花盡百億年的絕大部分才會出現。

　　On the other hand, we don't seem to have been visited by aliens. I am discounting the reports of UFOs.Why would they appear only to cranks and weirdos? If there is a government conspiracy to suppress the reports and keep for itself the scientific knowledge the aliens bring, it seems to have been a singularly ineffective policy so far. Furthermore, despite an extensive search by the SETI project, we haven't heard any alien television quiz shows. This probably indicates that there are no alien civilizations at our stage of development within a radius of a few hundred light years. Issuing an insurance policy against abduction by aliens seems a pretty safe bet.

　　另一方面，我們似乎從未見有外星人到訪。我不信那些什么“不明物體的報導”。它們干嗎要單向那些古古怪怪的人現身呢?若真有一個甚麼政府陰謀要將報導打住，從而將外星人所帶來之科學識據為己有，那可真像個既離奇，亦從未見效的舉措。再說，即便SETI計劃已進行廣泛探索，我們還沒有收聽到任何外太空電視答問節目。這可能昭示在我們現階段文明發展之方圓數百光年范圍之內，并沒有其它外星異文化。賣保險給那些怕被外星人綁架的人，看來是個不錯的選擇。

　　This brings me to the last of the big questions: the future of the human race. If we are the only intelligent beings in the galaxy, we should make sure we survive and continue. But we are entering an increasingly dangerous period of our history. Our population and our use of the finite resources of planet Earth are growing exponentially, along with our technical ability to change the environment for good or ill. But our genetic code still carries the selfish and aggressive instincts that were of survival advantage in the past. It will be difficult enough to avoid disaster in the next hundred years, let alone the next thousand or million.

　　這送我到了最后一個大問題：人類的前途。若我們是星河里唯一智能生物，就必須確保自己能存活并延續下去。但我們正邁入歷史中一個愈發危險的時段。我們的人囗和對地球有限資源的耗用，正以幾何級數增長，相隨的是我們將環境或弄好或弄垮的技術才能，至于我們的基因指令則仍帶著那自私和好斗的本質，這或有利于我們過往求存，卻又讓我們于往后數百年內人禍難逃。更別說未來千百萬年了。

　　Our only chance of long-term survival is not to remain inward-looking on planet Earth, but to spread out into space. The answers to these big questions show that we have made remarkable progress in the last hundred years. But if we want to continue beyond the next hundred years, our future is in space.That is why I am in favor of manned — or should I say, personned — space flight.

　　我們長活下去的唯一機會，不是一直呆著在地球而是沖出太空去。這些大問題之解答顯示我們于過去數百年取得可觀進展。可若要超越未來數百年，們的前途在于太空。正因此，我較傾向于 "人" 控——( man 于英語中可單指'人或“男人”) 或許我應說，由人駕駛之太空旅航。

　　All of my life I have sought to understand the universe and find answers to these questions. I have been very lucky that my disability has not been a serious handicap. Indeed, it has probably given me more time than most people to pursue the quest for knowledge. The ultimate goal is a complete theory of the universe, and we are making good progress. Thank you for listening.

　　我一生都在探究想要了解宇宙并找出這些問題之答案。我一直都非常幸運，我的殘疾并沒造成嚴重障礙;說真的，這反倒讓我比大部分人獲得更多時間以從事知識之追求。終極目標是一套完備的宇宙論，而我們已有良好進展。感謝您們的聆聽。

　　Chris Anderson: Professor, if you had to guess either way, do you now believe that it is more likely than not that we are alone in the Milky Way, as a civilization of our level of intelligence or higher? This answer took seven minutes, and really gave me an insight into the incredible act of generosity this whole talk was for TED.

　　安德森：教授，若您必須二選其一作猜測，此刻您是較相信還是較不相信我們是天河中唯一現水平或更高水平之智能文化?準備這答案已花了7分多鐘，真讓我深切體會到這整個演講為TED所付出之，讓人難以置信之慷慨。

　　Stephen Hawking: I think it quite likely that we are the only civilization within several hundred light years; otherwise we would have heard radio waves. The alternative is that civilizations don't last very long, but destroy themselves.

　　霍金：我想我們應該是數百光年范圍內之獨一文明;否則我們應已收聽到電波。另一種可能是，該等文明都維持不久，就自我毀滅掉。

　　CA: Professor Hawking, thank you for that answer. We will take it as a salutary warning, I think, for the rest of our conference this week. Professor, we really thank you for the extraordinary effort you madeto share your questions with us today. Thank you very much indeed.

　　安德森：霍金教授，謝謝您的解答。我想，我們會將之作為這一周余下會談之座右銘。教授，我們衷心感謝您今天為與我們分享您的問題所作出之卓越貢獻。真的非常感謝您。

　　(Applause)

　　(掌聲)

9.　ted英語演講稿篇九

　　This is Tim Ferriss circa 1979 A.D. Age two. You can tell by the power squat, I was a very confident boy -- and not without reason. I had a very charming routine at the time, which was to wait until late in the evening when my parents were decompressing from a hard day's work, doing their crossword puzzles, watching television. I would run into the living room, jump up on the couch, rip the cushions off, throw them on the floor, scream at the top of my lungs and run out because I was the Incredible Hulk. (Laughter) Obviously, you see the resemblance. And this routine went on for some time.

　　When I was seven I went to summer camp. My parents found it necessary for peace of mind. And at noon each day the campers would go to a pond, where they had floating docks. You could jump off the end into the deep end. I was born premature. I was always very small. My left lung had collapsed when I was born. And I've always had buoyancy problems. So water was something that scared me to begin with. But I would go in on occasion. And on one particular day, the campers were jumping through inner tubes, They were diving through inner tubes. And I thought this would be great fun. So I dove through the inner tube, and the bully of the camp grabbed my ankles. And I tried to come up for air, and my lower back hit the bottom of the inner tube. And I went wild eyed and thought I was going to die. A camp counselor fortunately came over and separated us. From that point onward I was terrified of swimming. That is something that I did not get over. My inability to swim has been one of my greatest humiliations and embarrassments. That is when I realized that I was not the Incredible Hulk.

　　But there is a happy ending to this story. At age 31 -- that's my age now -- in August I took two weeks to re-examine swimming, and question all the of the obvious aspects of swimming. And went from swimming one lap -- so 20 yards -- like a drowning monkey, at about 200 beats per minute heart rate -- I measured it -- to going to Montauk on Long Island, close to where I grew up, and jumping into the ocean and swimming one kilometer in open water, getting out and feeling better than when I went in. And I came out, in my Speedos, European style, feeling like the Incredible Hulk.

　　And that's what I want everyone in here to feel like, the Incredible Hulk, at the end of this presentation. More specifically, I want you to feel like you're capable of becoming an excellent long-distance swimmer, a world-class language learner, and a tango champion. And I would like to share my art. If I have an art, it's deconstructing things that really scare the living hell out of me. So, moving onward.

　　Swimming, first principles. First principles, this is very important. I find that the best results in life are often held back by false constructs and untested assumptions. And the turnaround in swimming came when a friend of mine said, "I will go a year without any stimulants" -- this is a six-double-espresso-per-day type of guy -- "if you can complete a one kilometer open water race." So the clock started ticking. I started seeking out triathletes because I found that lifelong swimmers often couldn't teach what they did. I tried kickboards. My feet would slice through the water like razors, I wouldn't even move. I would leave demoralized, staring at my feet. Hand paddles, everything. Even did lessons with Olympians -- nothing helped. And then Chris Sacca, who is now a dear friend mine, had completed an Iron Man with 103 degree temperature, said, "I have the answer to your prayers." And he introduced me to the work of a man named Terry Laughlin who is the founder of Total Immersion Swimming. That set me on the road to examining biomechanics.

　　So here are the new rules of swimming, if any of you are afraid of swimming, or not good at it. The first is, forget about kicking. Very counterintuitive. So it turns out that propulsion isn't really the problem. Kicking harder doesn't solve the problem because the average swimmer only transfers about three percent of their energy expenditure into forward motion. The problem is hydrodynamics. So what you want to focus on instead is allowing your lower body to draft behind your upper body, much like a small car behind a big car on the highway. And you do that by maintaining a horizontal body position. The only way you can do that is to not swim on top of the water. The body is denser than water. 95 percent of it would be, at least, submerged naturally.

　　So you end up, number three, not swimming, in the case of freestyle, on your stomach, as many people think, reaching on top of the water. But actually rotating from streamlined right to streamlined left, maintaining that fuselage position as long as possible. So let's look at some examples. This is Terry. And you can see that he's extending his right arm below his head and far in front. And so his entire body really is underwater. The arm is extended below the head. The head is held in line with the spine, so that you use strategic water pressure to raise your legs up -- very important, especially for people with lower body fat. Here is an example of the stroke. So you don't kick. But you do use a small flick. You can see this is the left extension. Then you see his left leg. Small flick, and the only purpose of that is to rotate his hips so he can get to the opposite side. And the entry point for his right hand -- notice this, he's not reaching in front and catching the water. Rather, he is entering the water at a 45-degree angle with his forearm, and then propelling himself by streamlining -- very important. Incorrect, above, which is what almost every swimming coach will teach you. Not their fault, honestly. And I'll get to implicit versus explicit in a moment. Below is what most swimmers will find enables them to do what I did, which is going from 21 strokes per 20-yard length to 11 strokes in two workouts with no coach, no video monitoring. And now I love swimming. I can't wait to go swimming. I'll be doing a swimming lesson later, for myself, if anyone wants to join me.

10.　ted英語演講稿篇十

　　What I'd like to do today is talk about one of my favorite subjects, and that is the neuroscience of sleep.

　　Now, there is a sound -- (Alarm clock) -- aah, it worked -- a sound that is desperately, desperately familiar to most of us, and of course it's the sound of the alarm clock. And what that truly ghastly, awful sound does is stop the single most important behavioral experience that we have, and that's sleep. If you're an average sort of person, 36 percent of your life will be spent asleep, which means that if you live to 90, then 32 years will have been spent entirely asleep.

　　Now what that 32 years is telling us is that sleep at some level is important. And yet, for most of us, we don't give sleep a second thought. We throw it away. We really just don't think about sleep. And so what I'd like to do today is change your views, change your ideas and your thoughts about sleep. And the journey that I want to take you on, we need to start by going back in time.

　　"Enjoy the honey-heavy dew of slumber." Any ideas who said that? Shakespeare's Julius Caesar. Yes, let me give you a few more quotes. "O sleep, O gentle sleep, nature's soft nurse, how have I frighted thee?" Shakespeare again, from -- I won't say it -- the Scottish play. [Correction: Henry IV, Part 2] (Laughter) From the same time: "Sleep is the golden chain that ties health and our bodies together." Extremely prophetic, by Thomas Dekker, another Elizabethan dramatist.

　　But if we jump forward 400 years, the tone about sleep changes somewhat. This is from Thomas Edison, from the beginning of the 20th century. "Sleep is a criminal waste of time and a heritage from our cave days." Bang. (Laughter) And if we also jump into the 1980s, some of you may remember that Margaret Thatcher was reported to have said, "Sleep is for wimps." And of course the infamous -- what was his name? -- the infamous Gordon Gekko from "Wall Street" said, "Money never sleeps."

　　What do we do in the 20th century about sleep? Well, of course, we use Thomas Edison's light bulb to invade the night, and we occupied the dark, and in the process of this occupation, we've treated sleep as an illness, almost. We've treated it as an enemy. At most now, I suppose, we tolerate the need for sleep, and at worst perhaps many of us think of sleep as an illness that needs some sort of a cure. And our ignorance about sleep is really quite profound.

　　Why is it? Why do we abandon sleep in our thoughts? Well, it's because you don't do anything much while you're asleep, it seems. You don't eat. You don't drink. And you don't have sex. Well, most of us anyway. And so therefore it's -- Sorry. It's a complete waste of time, right? Wrong. Actually, sleep is an incredibly important part of our biology, and neuroscientists are beginning to explain why it's so very important. So let's move to the brain.

　　Now, here we have a brain. This is donated by a social scientist, and they said they didn't know what it was, or indeed how to use it, so -- (Laughter) Sorry. So I borrowed it. I don't think they noticed. Okay. (Laughter)

　　The point I'm trying to make is that when you're asleep, this thing doesn't shut down. In fact, some areas of the brain are actually more active during the sleep state than during the wake state. The other thing that's really important about sleep is that it doesn't arise from a single structure within the brain, but is to some extent a network property, and if we flip the brain on its back -- I love this little bit of spinal cord here -- this bit here is the hypothalamus, and right under there is a whole raft of interesting structures, not least the biological clock. The biological clock tells us when it's good to be up, when it's good to be asleep, and what that structure does is interact with a whole raft of other areas within the hypothalamus, the lateral hypothalamus, the ventrolateral preoptic nuclei. All of those combine, and they send projections down to the brain stem here. The brain stem then projects forward and bathes the cortex, this wonderfully wrinkly bit over here, with neurotransmitters that keep us awake and essentially provide us with our consciousness. So sleep arises from a whole raft of different interactions within the brain, and essentially, sleep is turned on and off as a result of a range of

　　Okay. So where have we got to? We've said that sleep is complicated and it takes 32 years of our life. But what I haven't explained is what sleep is about. So why do we sleep? And it won't surprise any of you that, of course, the scientists, we don't have a consensus. There are dozens of different ideas about why we sleep, and I'm going to outline three of those.

　　The first is sort of the restoration idea, and it's somewhat intuitive. Essentially, all the stuff we've burned up during the day, we restore, we replace, we rebuild during the night. And indeed, as an explanation, it goes back to Aristotle, so that's, what, 2,300 years ago. It's gone in and out of fashion. It's fashionable at the moment because what's been shown is that within the brain, a whole raft of genes have been shown to be turned on only during sleep, and those genes are associated with restoration and metabolic pathways. So there's good evidence for the whole restoration hypothesis.

　　What about energy conservation? Again, perhaps intuitive. You essentially sleep to save calories. Now, when you do the sums, though, it doesn't really pan out. If you compare an individual who has slept at night, or stayed awake and hasn't moved very much, the energy saving of sleeping is about 110 calories a night. Now, that's the equivalent of a hot dog bun. Now, I would say that a hot dog bun is kind of a meager return for such a complicated and demanding behavior as sleep. So I'm less convinced by the energy conservation idea.

　　But the third idea I'm quite attracted to, which is brain processing and memory consolidation. What we know is that, if after you've tried to learn a task, and you sleep-deprive individuals, the ability to learn that task is smashed. It's really hugely attenuated. So sleep and memory consolidation is also very important. However, it's not just the laying down of memory and recalling it. What's turned out to be really exciting is that our ability to come up with novel solutions to complex problems is hugely enhanced by a night of sleep. In fact, it's been estimated to give us a threefold advantage. Sleeping at night enhances our creativity. And what seems to be going on is that, in the brain, those neural connections that are important, those synaptic connections that are important, are linked and strengthened, while those that are less important tend to fade away and be less important.

　　Okay. So we've had three explanations for why we might sleep, and I think the important thing to realize is that the details will vary, and it's probable we sleep for multiple different reasons. But sleep is not an indulgence. It's not some sort of thing that we can take on board rather casually. I think that sleep was once likened to an upgrade from economy to business class, you know, the equiavlent of. It's not even an upgrade from economy to first class. The critical thing to realize is that if you don't sleep, you don't fly. Essentially, you never get there, and what's extraordinary about much of our society these days is that we are desperately sleep-deprived.

　　So let's now look at sleep deprivation. Huge sectors of society are sleep-deprived, and let's look at our sleep-o-meter. So in the 1950s, good data suggests that most of us were getting around about eight hours of sleep a night. Nowadays, we sleep one and a half to two hours less every night, so we're in the six-and-a-half-hours-every-night league. For teenagers, it's worse, much worse. They need nine hours for full brain performance, and many of them, on a school night, are only getting five hours of sleep. It's simply not enough. If we think about other sectors of society, the aged, if you are aged, then your ability to sleep in a single block is somewhat disrupted, and many sleep, again, less than five hours a night. Shift work. Shift work is extraordinary, perhaps 20 percent of the working population, and the body clock does not shift to the demands of working at night. It's locked onto the same light-dark cycle as the rest of us. So when the poor old shift worker is going home to try and sleep during the day, desperately tired, the body clock is saying, "Wake up. This is the time to be awake." So the quality of sleep that you get as a night shift worker is usually very poor, again in that sort of five-hour region. And then, of course, tens of millions of people suffer from jet lag. So who here has jet lag? Well, my goodness gracious. Well, thank you very much indeed for not falling asleep, because that's what your brain is craving.

　　One of the things that the brain does is indulge in micro-sleeps, this involuntary falling asleep, and you have essentially no control over it. Now, micro-sleeps can be sort of somewhat embarrassing, but they can also be deadly. It's been estimated that 31 percent of drivers will fall asleep at the wheel at least once in their life, and in the U.S., the statistics are pretty good: 100,000 accidents on the freeway have been associated with tiredness, loss of vigilance, and falling asleep. A hundred thousand a year. It's extraordinary. At another level of terror, we dip into the tragic accidents at Chernobyl and indeed the space shuttle Challenger, which was so tragically lost. And in the investigations that followed those disasters, poor judgment as a result of extended shift work and loss of vigilance and tiredness was attributed to a big chunk of those disasters.

　　So when you're tired, and you lack sleep, you have poor memory, you have poor creativity, you have increased impulsiveness, and you have overall poor judgment. But my friends, it's so much worse than that.

　　(Laughter)

　　If you are a tired brain, the brain is craving things to wake it up. So drugs, stimulants. Caffeine represents the stimulant of choice across much of the Western world. Much of the day is fueled by caffeine, and if you're a really naughty tired brain, nicotine. And of course, you're fueling the waking state with these stimulants, and then of course it gets to 11 o'clock at night, and the brain says to itself, "Ah, well actually, I need to be asleep fairly shortly. What do we do about that when I'm feeling completely wired?" Well, of course, you then resort to alcohol. Now alcohol, short-term, you know, once or twice, to use to mildly sedate you, can be very useful. It can actually ease the sleep transition. But what you must be so aware of is that alcohol doesn't provide sleep, a biological mimic for sleep. It sedates you. So it actually harms some of the neural proccessing that's going on during memory consolidation and memory recall. So it's a short-term acute measure, but for goodness sake, don't become addicted to alcohol as a way of getting to sleep every night.

　　Another connection between loss of sleep is weight gain. If you sleep around about five hours or less every night, then you have a 50 percent likelihood of being obese. What's the connection here? Well, sleep loss seems to give rise to the release of the hormone ghrelin, the hunger hormone. Ghrelin is released. It gets to the brain. The brain says, "I need carbohydrates," and what it does is seek out carbohydrates and particularly sugars. So there's a link between tiredness and the metabolic predisposition for weight gain.

　　Stress. Tired people are massively stressed. And one of the things of stress, of course, is loss of memory, which is what I sort of just then had a little lapse of. But stress is so much more. So if you're acutely stressed, not a great problem, but it's sustained stress associated with sleep loss that's the problem. So sustained stress leads to suppressed immunity, and so tired people tend to have higher rates of overall infection, and there's some very good studies showing that shift workers, for example, have higher rates of cancer. Increased levels of stress throw glucose into the circulation. Glucose becomes a dominant part of the vasculature and essentially you become glucose intolerant. Therefore, diabetes 2. Stress increases cardiovascular disease as a result of raising blood pressure. So there's a whole raft of things associated with sleep loss that are more than just a mildly impaired brain, which is where I think most people think that sleep loss resides.

　　So at this point in the talk, this is a nice time to think, well, do you think on the whole I'm getting enough sleep? So a quick show of hands. Who feels that they're getting enough sleep here? Oh. Well, that's pretty impressive. Good. We'll talk more about that later, about what are your tips.

　　So most of us, of course, ask the question, "Well, how do I know whether I'm getting enough sleep?" Well, it's not rocket science. If you need an alarm clock to get you out of bed in the morning, if you are taking a long time to get up, if you need lots of stimulants, if you're grumpy, if you're irritable, if you're told by your work colleagues that you're looking tired and irritable, chances are you are sleep-deprived. Listen to them. Listen to yourself.

　　What do you do? Well -- and this is slightly offensive -- sleep for dummies: Make your bedroom a haven for sleep. The first critical thing is make it as dark as you possibly can, and also make it slightly cool. Very important. Actually, reduce your amount of light exposure at least half an hour before you go to bed. Light increases levels of alertness and will delay sleep. What's the last thing that most of us do before we go to bed? We stand in a massively lit bathroom looking into the mirror cleaning our teeth. It's the worst thing we can possibly do before we went to sleep. Turn off those mobile phones. Turn off those computers. Turn off all of those things that are also going to excite the brain. Try not to drink caffeine too late in the day, ideally not after lunch. Now, we've set about reducing light exposure before you go to bed, but light exposure in the morning is very good at setting the biological clock to the light-dark cycle. So seek out morning light. Basically, listen to yourself. Wind down. Do those sorts of things that you know are going to ease you off into the honey-heavy dew of slumber.

　　Okay. That's some facts. What about some myths?

　　Teenagers are lazy. No. Poor things. They have a biological predisposition to go to bed late and get up late, so give them a break.

　　We need eight hours of sleep a night. That's an average. Some people need more. Some people need less. And what you need to do is listen to your body. Do you need that much or do you need more? Simple as that.

　　Old people need less sleep. Not true. The sleep demands of the aged do not go down. Essentially, sleep fragments and becomes less robust, but sleep requirements do not go down.

　　And the fourth myth is, early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. Well that's wrong at so many different levels. (Laughter) There is no, no evidence that getting up early and going to bed early gives you more wealth at all. There's no difference in socioeconomic status. In my experience, the only difference between morning people and evening people is that those people that get up in the morning early are just horribly smug.

　　(Laughter) (Applause)

　　Okay. So for the last part, the last few minutes, what I want to do is change gears and talk about some really new, breaking areas of neuroscience, which is the association between mental health, mental illness and sleep disruption. We've known for 130 years that in severe mental illness, there is always, always sleep disruption, but it's been largely ignored. In the 1970s, when people started to think about this again, they said, "Yes, well, of course you have sleep disruption in schizophrenia because they're on anti-psychotics. It's the anti-psychotics causing the sleep problems," ignoring the fact that for a hundred years previously, sleep disruption had been reported before anti-psychotics.

　　So what's going on? Lots of groups, several groups are studying conditions like depression, schizophrenia and bipolar, and what's going on in terms of sleep disruption. We have a big study which we published last year on schizophrenia, and the data were quite extraordinary. In those individuals with schizophrenia, much of the time, they were awake during the night phase and then they were asleep during the day. Other groups showed no 24-hour patterns whatsoever. Their sleep was absolutely smashed. And some had no ability to regulate their sleep by the light-dark cycle. They were getting up later and later and later and later each night. It was smashed.

　　So what's going on? And the really exciting news is that mental illness and sleep are not simply associated but they are physically linked within the brain. The neural networks that predispose you to normal sleep, give you normal sleep, and those that give you normal mental health are overlapping. And what's the evidence for that? Well, genes that have been shown to be very important in the generation of normal sleep, when mutated, when changed, also predispose individuals to mental health problems. And last year, we published a study which showed that a gene that's been linked to schizophrenia, which, when mutated, also smashes the sleep. So we have evidence of a genuine mechanistic overlap between these two important systems.

　　Other work flowed from these studies. The first was that sleep disruption actually precedes certain types of mental illness, and we've shown that in those young individuals who are at high risk of developing bipolar disorder, they already have a sleep abnormality prior to any clinical diagnosis of bipolar. The other bit of data was that sleep disruption may actually exacerbate, make worse the mental illness state. My colleague Dan Freeman has used a range of agents which have stabilized sleep and reduced levels of paranoia in those individuals by 50 percent.

　　So what have we got? We've got, in these connections, some really exciting things. In terms of the neuroscience, by understanding the neuroscience of these two systems, we're really beginning to understand how both sleep and mental illness are generated and regulated within the brain. The second area is that if we can use sleep and sleep disruption as an early warning signal, then we have the chance of going in. If we know that these individuals are vulnerable, early intervention then becomes possible. And the third, which I think is the most exciting, is that we can think of the sleep centers within the brain as a new therapeutic target. Stabilize sleep in those individuals who are vulnerable, we can certainly make them healthier, but also alleviate some of the appalling symptoms of mental illness.

　　So let me just finish. What I started by saying is take sleep seriously. Our attitudes toward sleep are so very different from a pre-industrial age, when we were almost wrapped in a duvet. We used to understand intuitively the importance of sleep. And this isn't some sort of crystal-waving nonsense. This is a pragmatic response to good health. If you have good sleep, it increases your concentration, attention, decision-making, creativity, social skills, health. If you get sleep, it reduces your mood changes, your stress, your levels of anger, your impulsivity, and your tendency to drink and take drugs. And we finished by saying that an understanding of the neuroscience of sleep is really informing the way we think about some of the causes of mental illness, and indeed is providing us new ways to treat these incredibly debilitating conditions.

　　Jim Butcher, the fantasy writer, said, "Sleep is God. Go worship." And I can only recommend that you do the same.

　　Thank you for your attention.

　　(Applause)

11.　ted英語演講稿篇十一

　　Have you ever held a question in mind for so long that it becomes part of how you think? Maybe even part of who you are as a person? Well I’ve had a question in my mind for many, many years and that is: how can you speed up learning? Now, this is an interesting question because if you speed up learning you can spend less time at school. And if you learn really fast, you probably wouldn’t have to go to school at all.

　　Now, when I was young, school was sort of okay but I found quite often that school got in the way of learning so I had this question in mind: how do you learn faster? And this began when I was very, very young, when I was about eleven years old I wrote a letter to researchers in the Soviet Union, asking about hypnopaedia, this is sleep learning, where you get a tape recorder, you put it beside your bed and it turns on in the middle of the night when you’re sleeping, and you’re supposed to be learning from this.

　　A good idea, unfortunately it doesn’t work. But, hypnopaedia did open the doors to research in other areas and we’ve had incredible discoveries about learning that began with that first question. I went on from there to become passionate about psychology and I have been involved in psychology in many ways for the rest of my life up until this point. In 1981 I took myself to China and I decided that I was going to be native level in Chinese inside two years.

　　Now, you need to understand that in 1981, everybody thought Chinese was really, really difficult and that a westerner could study for ten years or more and never really get very good at it. And I also went in with a different idea which was: taking all of the conclusions from psychological research up to that point and applying them to the learning process. What was really cool was that in six months I was fluent in Mandarin Chinese and took a little bit longer to get up to native. But I looked around and I saw all of these people from different countries struggling terribly with Chinese, I saw Chinese people struggling terribly to learn English and other languages, and so my question got refined down to: how can you help a normal adult learn a new language quickly, easily and effectively?

　　Now this a really, really important question in today’s world. We have massive challenges with environment we have massive challenges with social dislocation, with wars, all sorts of things going on and if we can’t communicate we’re really going to have difficulty solving these problems. So we need to be able to speak each other’s languages, this is really, really important.

　　The question then is how do you do that. Well, it’s actually really easy. You look around for people who can already do it, you look for situations where it’s already working and then you identify the principles and apply them. It’s called modelling and I’ve been looking at language learning and modelling language learning for about fifteen to twenty years now.

　　And my conclusion, my observation from this is that any adult can learn a second language to fluency inside six months. Now when I say this, most people think I’m crazy, this is not possible. So let me remind everybody of the history of human progress, it’s all about expanding our limits.

　　In 1950 everybody believed that running one mile in four minutes was impossible and then Roger Bannister did it in 1956 and from there it’s got shorter and shorter. 100 years ago everybody believed that heavy stuff doesn’t fly. Except it does and we all know this. How does heavy stuff fly? We reorganise the materials using principles that we have learned from observing nature, birds in this case. And today we’ve gone ever further, so you can fly a car. You can buy one of these for a couple hundred thousand US dollars. We now have cars in the world that can fly. And there’s a different way to fly that we’ve learned from squirrels. So all you need to do is copy what a flying squirrel does, build a suit called a wing suit and off you go, you can fly like a squirrel.

　　No, most people, a lot of people, I wouldn’t say everybody but a lot of people think they can’t draw. However there are some key principles, five principles that you can apply to learning to draw and you can 2 actually learn to draw in five days. So, if you draw like this, you learn these principles for five days and apply them and after five days you can draw something like this. Now I know this is true because that was my first drawing and after five days of applying these principles that was what I was able to do. And I looked at this and I went ‘wow,’ so that’s how I look like when I’m concentrating so intensely that my brain is exploding. So, anybody can learn to draw in five days and in the same way, with the same logic, anybody can learn a second language in six months.

12.　ted英語演講稿篇十二

　　Over the next five minutes, my intention is to transform your relationship with sound. Let me start with the observation that most of the sound around us is accidental, and much of it is unpleasant. (Traffic noise) We stand on street corners, shouting over noise like this, and pretending that it doesn't exist. Well, this habit of suppressing sound has meant that our relationship with sound has become largely unconscious.

　　There are four major ways sound is affecting you all the time, and I'd like to raise them in your consciousness today. First is physiological. (Loud alarm clocks) Sorry about that. I've just given you a shot of cortisol, your fight/flight hormone. Sounds are affecting your hormone secretions all the time, but also your breathing, your heart rate -- which I just also did -- and your brainwaves.

　　It's not just unpleasant sounds like that that do it. This is surf. (Ocean waves) It has the frequency of roughly 12 cycles per minute. Most people find that very soothing, and, interestingly, 12 cycles per minute is roughly the frequency of the breathing of a sleeping human. There is a deep resonance with being at rest. We also associate it with being stress-free and on holiday.

　　The second way in which sound affects you is psychological. Music is the most powerful form of sound that we know that affects our emotional state. (Albinoni's Adagio) This is guaranteed to make most of you feel pretty sad if I leave it on. Music is not the only kind of sound, however, which affects your emotions.

　　Natural sound can do that too. Birdsong, for example, is a sound which most people find reassuring. (Birds chirping) There is a reason for that. Over hundreds of thousands of years we've learned that when the birds are singing, things are safe. It's when they stop you need to be worried.

　　The third way in which sound affects you is cognitively. You can't understand two people talking at once ("If you're listening to this version of") ("me you're on the wrong track.") or in this case one person talking twice. Try and listen to the other one. ("You have to choose which me you're going to listen to.")

　　We have a very small amount of bandwidth for processing auditory input, which is why noise like this -- (Office noise) -- is extremely damaging for productivity. If you have to work in an open-plan office like this, your productivity is greatly reduced. And whatever number you're thinking of, it probably isn't as bad as this. (Ominous music) You are one third as productive in open-plan offices as in quiet rooms. And I have a tip for you. If you have to work in spaces like that, carry headphones with you, with a soothing sound like birdsong. Put them on and your productivity goes back up to triple what it would be.

　　The fourth way in which sound affects us is behaviorally. With all that other stuff going on, it would be amazing if our behavior didn't change. (Techno music inside a car) So, ask yourself: Is this person ever going to drive at a steady 28 miles per hour? I don't think so. At the simplest, you move away from unpleasant sound and towards pleasant sounds. So if I were to play this -- (Jackhammer) -- for more than a few seconds, you'd feel uncomfortable; for more than a few minutes, you'd be leaving the room in droves. For people who can't get away from noise like that, it's extremely damaging for their health.

　　And that's not the only thing that bad sound damages. Most retail sound is inappropriate and accidental, and even hostile, and it has a dramatic effect on sales. For those of you who are retailers, you may want to look away before I show this slide. They are losing up to 30 percent of their business with people leaving shops faster, or just turning around on the door. We all have done it, leaving the area because the sound in there is so dreadful.

　　I want to spend just a moment talking about the model that we've developed, which allows us to start at the top and look at the drivers of sound, analyze the soundscape and then predict the four outcomes I've just talked about. Or start at the bottom, and say what outcomes do we want, and then design a soundscape to have a desired effect. At last we've got some science we can apply. And we're in the business of designing soundscapes.

　　Just a word on music. Music is the most powerful sound there is, often inappropriately deployed. It's powerful for two reasons. You recognize it fast, and you associate it very powerfully. I'll give you two examples. (First chord of The Beatles' "A Hard Day's Night") Most of you recognize that immediately. The younger, maybe not. (Laughter) (First two notes of "Jaws" theme) And most of you associate that with something! Now, those are one-second samples of music. Music is very powerful. And unfortunately it's veneering commercial spaces, often inappropriately. I hope that's going to change over the next few years.

13.　ted英語演講稿篇十三

　　How many of you are tired of seeingcelebrities adopting kids from the African continent?

　　你們之中有多少人已經對那些從非洲領養小孩的明星而感到厭倦了?

　　Well, it's not all that bad. I was adopted.I grew up in rural Uganda, lost both my parents when I was very, very young.And when my parents passed, I experienced all the negative effects of poverty,from homelessness, eating out of trash piles, you name it.

　　嗯，那也不全是壞事。我就是被其中領養的一員。我在烏干達的郊區長大，在我很小的時候，我的父母就去世了。在我父母離世之后，我經歷了所有貧困帶來的困難，從無家可歸，到撿食路邊的垃圾，所有你能想得到的。

　　But my life changed when I got acceptedinto an orphanage. Through one of those sponsor-an-orphan programs, I wassponsored and given an opportunity to acquire an education. I started off inUganda. I went through school, and the way this particular program worked, youfinished high school and after high school, you go learn a trade -- to become acarpenter, a mechanic or something along those lines.

　　但自從我被一家孤兒院收養我的生活就發生了巨變。通過孤兒院的一個補助項目，我獲得了接受教育的機會，以及相應的資助。一開始是在烏干達。我去了學校念書，而根據這個項目的運作流程，他們會在你讀完高中以后，送你去學一門手藝，比如木匠，或者機修工或者其他的一些專業技術。

　　My case was a little different. The sponsorfamily that was sending these 25 dollars a month to this orphanage to sponsorme, which -- I had never met them -- said, "Well ... we would like to sendyou to college instead." Oh -- it gets better.

　　而我的情況卻有所不同。每個月我會在孤兒院收到25美元補助。這錢來自資助我的家庭，我從未見過他們他們說，“我們希望資助你去上大學” 哦，那再好不過了。

　　And they said, "If you get thepaperwork, we'll send you to school in America instead." So with theirhelp, I went to the embassy and applied for the visa. I got the visa.

　　他們還說：“如果你能通過申請我們會把你送到美國的大學讀書。“ 所以，在他們的幫助下，我去大使館申請了簽證。并且通過了簽證。

　　I remember this day like it was yesterday.I walked out of the embassy with this piece of paper in my hand, a hop in mystep, smile on my face, knowing that my life is about to change. I went homethat night, and I slept with my passport, because I was afraid that someonemight steal it.

　　那一天對我來說就像昨天一樣。我拿著手里的文件走出大使館，一路蹦跳，難掩笑意，我明白我的生活將不復從前。那天晚上我回到家里，抱著我的護照睡著了，因為我擔心有人會把它偷走。

　　I couldn't fall asleep. I kept feeling it.I had a good idea for security. I was like, "OK, I'm going to put it in aplastic bag, and take it outside and dig a hole, and put it in there." Idid that, went back in the house. I could not fall asleep. I was like,"Maybe someone saw me." I went back --

　　而我輾轉反側。那念頭依然揮之不去。我突然想到了一個萬全的主意。我說：”好吧，我可以把它放進一個塑料袋里然后在外面地上挖一個洞，把袋子放進去。” 我真的做了，然后又回到屋子里。但我依然無眠，我想，“也許有人看到我了。” 我又回去了

　　I pulled it out, and I put it with me theentire night -- all to say that it was an anxiety-filled night.

　　我把袋子拿出來，然后抓著它度過了一宿我只想說那真是焦慮的一晚。

　　Going to the US was, just like anotherspeaker said, was my first time to see a plane, be on one, let alone sit on itto fly to another country. December 15, 20xx. 7:08pm. I sat in seat 7A. FlyEmirates. One of the most gorgeous, beautiful women I've ever seen walked up,red little hat with a white veil. I'm looking terrified, I have no idea whatI'm doing. She hands me this warm towel -- warm, steamy, snow white. I'mlooking at this warm towel; I don't know what to do with my life, let alonewith this damn towel --

　　來到美國的感受，和其他初來乍到的人一樣那是我第一次坐飛機，坐在座位上，飛向另一個國家。20xx年12月15日晚上7點08分我坐在7A座位上。乘坐阿聯酋航班。一個我有生以來見過的最美的女人朝我走來，她戴著紅色的帽子和白色的口罩。我真的嚇壞了，我簡直手足無措。她遞給我一張溫熱的紙巾溫暖，濕潤，白凈如雪。我盯著這張溫暖的紙巾; 我都不知道我該拿我的生活怎么辦，更別說這張紙巾了

　　I did one of the -- you know, anythinganyone could do in that situation: look around, see what everyone else isdoing. I did the same. Mind you, I drove about seven hours from my village tothe airport that day. So I grab this warm towel, wipe my face just likeeveryone else is doing, I look at it -- damn.

　　我做了一件——你懂的，任何人都會做的事：我環顧四周，看其他人的舉動。然后我也跟著他們做。順便一提，從村子到機場，那一天我開了7個小時的車。所以我拿起那張溫暖的紙，效仿著別人擦拭了自己的臉，我看了看紙巾——該死。

　　It was all dirt brown.I remember being so embarrassed that whenshe came by to pick it up, I didn't give mine.I still have it.

　　已經變成屎黃色了。我記得我是那么的尷尬，以至于當她來回收紙巾的時候，我沒好意思給她。我現在都還帶著它。

　　Going to America opened doors for me tolive up to my full God-given potential. I remember when I arrived, the sponsorfamily embraced me, and they literally had to teach me everything from scratch:this is a microwave, that's a refrigerator -- things I'd never seen before. Andit was also the first time I got immersed into a new and different culture.These strangers showed me true love. These strangers showed me that I mattered,that my dreams mattered.Thank you.

　　美國向我敞開了大門讓我能夠發揮自己最大的潛力。我記得我剛到的時候，我的資助家庭迎接了我，然后他們就把一切從頭開始教給我：這是一個微波爐，那是一個冰箱——那些都是我以前聞所未聞的東西。那也是我第一次被放置在全新的文化環境當中。這些陌生人向我展示了真正的關愛。這些陌生人讓我明白，我很重要我的夢想很重要。謝謝。

　　These individuals had two of their ownbiological children. And when I came in, I had needs. They had to teach meEnglish, teach me literally everything, which resulted in them spending a lotof time with me. And that created a little bit of jealousy with their children.So, if you're a parent in this room, and you have those teenager children whodon't want anything to do with your love and affection -- in fact, they find itrepulsive -- I got a solution: adopt a child.

　　他們有兩個親生孩子。當我走進他們家庭的時候，我急需幫助。他們要教我英文，教我幾乎所有的事情，這導致他們要在我的身上花費很多的精力。而這致使他們的親生孩子對我產生了一絲妒忌。所以，如果你們有人是家長，而你又有這樣一群青少年小孩他們對你們的愛和關心置若罔聞事實上，還對你們很冷淡我有一個辦法：領養一個孩子。

　　It will solve the problem.

　　問題就會迎刃而解。

　　I went on to acquire two engineeringdegrees from one of the best institutions in the world. I've got to tell you:talent is universal, but opportunities are not. And I credit this to theindividuals who embrace multiculturalism, love, empathy and compassion forothers. We live in a world filled with hate: building walls, Brexit, xenophobiahere on the African continent. Multiculturalism can be an answer to many ofthese worst human qualities.

　　在一所世界一流學府中我習得了兩個工程師學位。我必須要說：天賦人人都有，但機會一緣難求。我想要贊美那些擁抱多元文化的人，那些關愛，理解并且同情他人的人。我們生活在一個充滿憎恨的世界上：高筑圍墻，英國脫歐，非洲大陸的仇外心理。而這些人類最負面的東西都可以被多元文化海涵。

　　Today, I challenge you to help a youngchild experience multiculturalism. I guarantee you that will enrich their life,and in turn, it will enrich yours. And as a bonus, one of them may even give aTED Talk.

　　今天，我挑戰你們在座的觀眾們去幫助一個年輕的孩子感受多元文化的魅力。我保證那會充實他的生活，作為回報，你們的生活也會得到升華。而作為獎勵，他們其中之一也許還會在TED演講。

　　We may not be able to solve the bigotry andthe racism of this world today, but certainly we can raise children to create apositive, inclusive, connected world full of empathy, love and compassion.

　　我們也許無力解決當今社會的種族歧視與偏見，但我們完全可以引導我們的孩子去創建一個積極的，包容的，緊密相連的世界。那里將充滿理解，關愛，同情。

　　Love wins.Thank you.

　　真愛無敵。謝謝

14.　ted英語演講稿篇十四

　　When I was nine years old I went off to summer camp for the first time。 And my mother packed me a suitcase full of books， which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do。 Because in my family， reading was the primary group activity。 And this might sound antisocial to you， but for us it was really just a different way of being social。 You have the animal warmth of your family sitting right next to you， but you are also free to go roaming around the adventureland inside your own mind。 And I had this idea that camp was going to be just like this， but better。（Laughter） I had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns。

　　當我九歲的時候我第一次去參加夏令營我媽媽幫我整理好了我的行李箱里面塞滿了書這對于我來說是一件極為自然的事情因為在我的家庭里閱讀是主要的家庭活動聽上去你們可能覺得我們是不愛交際的但是對于我的家庭來說這真的只是接觸社會的另一種途徑你們有自己家庭接觸時的溫暖親情家人靜坐在你身邊但是你也可以自由地漫游在你思維深處的冒險樂園里我有一個想法野營會變得像這樣子，當然要更好些（笑聲）我想象到十個女孩坐在一個小屋里都穿著合身的女式睡衣愜意地享受著讀書的過程

　　（Laughter）

　　（笑聲）

　　Camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol。 And on the very first day our counselor gathered us all together and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing every day for the rest of the summer to instill camp spirit。 And it went like this： "R—O—W—D—I—E， that's the way we spell rowdie。 Rowdie， rowdie， let's get rowdie。" Yeah。 So I couldn't figure out for the life of me why we were supposed to be so rowdy， or why we had to spell this word incorrectly。（Laughter） But I recited a cheer。 I recited a cheer along with everybody else。 I did my best。 And I just waited for the time that I could go off and read my books。

　　野營這時更像是一個不提供酒水的派對聚會在第一天的時候呢我們的顧問把我們都集合在一起并且她教會了我們一種今后要用到的慶祝方式在余下夏令營的每一天中讓“露營精神”浸潤我們之后它就像這樣繼續著 R—O—W—D—I—E 這是我們拼寫“吵鬧"的口號我們唱著“噪音，喧鬧，我們要變得吵一點” 對，就是這樣可我就是弄不明白我的生活會是什么樣的為什么我們變得這么吵鬧粗暴或者為什么我們非要把這個單詞錯誤地拼寫（笑聲）但是我可沒有忘記慶祝。我與每個人都互相歡呼慶祝了我盡了我最大的努力我只是想等待那一刻我可以離開吵鬧的聚會去捧起我摯愛的書

　　But the first time that I took my book out of my suitcase， the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me and she asked me， "Why are you being so mellow？" —— mellow， of course， being the exact opposite of R—O—W—D—I—E。 And then the second time I tried it， the counselor came up to me with a concerned expression on her face and she repeated the point about camp spirit and said we should all work very hard to be outgoing。

　　但是當我第一次把書從行李箱中拿出來的時候床鋪中最酷的那個女孩向我走了過來并且她問我：“為什么你要這么安靜？” 安靜，當然，是R—O—W—D—I—E的反義詞 “喧鬧”的反義詞而當我第二次拿書的時候我們的顧問滿臉憂慮的向我走了過來接著她重復了關于“露營精神”的要點并且說我們都應當努力去變得外向些

　　And so I put my books away， back in their suitcase， and I put them under my bed， and there they stayed for the rest of the summer。 And I felt kind of guilty about this。 I felt as if the books needed me somehow， and they were calling out to me and I was forsaking them。But I did forsake them and I didn't open that suitcase again until I was back home with my family at the end of the summer。

　　于是我放好我的書放回了屬于它們的行李箱中并且我把它們放到了床底下在那里它們度過了暑假余下的每一天我對這樣做感到很愧疚不知為什么我感覺這些書是需要我的它們在呼喚我，但是我卻放棄了它們我確實放下了它們，并且我再也沒有打開那個箱子直到我和我的家人一起回到家中在夏末的時候

　　Now， I tell you this story about summer camp。 I could have told you 50 others just like it ——all the times that I got the message that somehow my quiet and introverted style of beingwas not necessarily the right way to go， that I should be trying to pass as more of an extrovert。 And I always sensed deep down that this was wrong and that introverts were pretty excellent just as they were。 But for years I denied this intuition， and so I became a Wall Street lawyer， of all things， instead of the writer that I had always longed to be —— partly because I needed to prove to myself that I could be bold and assertive too。 And I was always going off to crowded bars when I really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends。 And I made these self—negating choices so reflexively， that I wasn't even aware that I was making them。

　　現在，我向你們講述這個夏令營的故事我完全可以給你們講出其他50種版本就像這個一樣的故事—— 每當我感覺到這樣的時候它告訴我出于某種原因，我的寧靜和內向的風格并不是正確道路上的必需品我應該更多地嘗試一個外向者的角色而在我內心深處感覺得到，這是錯誤的內向的人們都是非常優秀的，確實是這樣但是許多年來我都否認了這種直覺于是我首先成為了華爾街的一名律師而不是我長久以來想要成為的一名作家一部分原因是因為我想要證明自己也可以變得勇敢而堅定并且我總是去那些擁擠的酒吧當我只是想要和朋友們吃一頓愉快的晚餐時我做出了這些自我否認的抉擇如條件反射一般甚至我都不清楚我做出了這些決定

　　Now this is what many introverts do， and it's our loss for sure， but it is also our colleagues' loss and our communities' loss。 And at the risk of sounding grandiose， it is the world's loss。 Because when it comes to creativity and to leadership， we need introverts doing what they do best。 A third to a half of the population are introverts —— a third to a half。 So that's one out of every two or three people you know。 So even if you're an extrovert yourself， I'm talking about your coworkers and your spouses and your childrenand the person sitting next to you right now —— all of them subject to this bias that is pretty deep and real in our society。 We all internalize it from a very early age without even having a language for what we're doing。

　　這就是很多內向的人正在做的事情這當然是我們的損失但這同樣也是同事們的損失我們所在團隊集體的損失當然，冒著被指為夸大其詞的風險我想說，更是世界的損失因為當涉及創造和領導的時候我們需要內向的人做到最好三分之一到二分之一的人都是內向的—— 三分之一到二分之一你要知道這可意味著每兩到三個人中就有一個內向的所以即使你自己是一個外向的人我正在說你的同事和你的配偶和你的孩子還有現在正坐在你旁邊的那個家伙—— 他們都要屈從于這樣的偏見一種在我們的社會中已經扎根的現實偏見我們從很小的時候就把它藏在內心最深處甚至都不說幾句話，關于我們正在做的事情。

　　Now to see the bias clearly you need to understand what introversion is。 It's different from being shy。 Shyness is about fear of social judgment。 Introversion is more about， how do you respond to stimulation， including social stimulation。 So extroverts really crave large amounts of stimulation， whereas introverts feel at their most alive and their most switched—on and their most capable when they're in quieter， more low—key environments。Not all the time —— these things aren't absolute —— but a lot of the time。 So the key then to maximizing our talents is for us all to put ourselves in the zone of stimulation that is right for us。

　　現在讓我們來清楚地看待這種偏見我們需要真正了解“內向”到底指什么它和害羞是不同的害羞是對于社會評論的恐懼內向更多的是你怎樣對于刺激作出回應包括來自社會的刺激其實內向的人是很渴求大量的鼓舞和激勵的反之內向者最感覺到他們的存在這是他們精力最充足的時候，最具有能力的時候當他們存在于更安靜的，更低調的環境中并不是所有時候——這些事情都不是絕對的—— 但是存在于很多時候所以說，關鍵在于把我們的天賦發揮到最大化這對于我們來說就足夠把我們自己放到對于我們正確又合適的激勵的區域中去

　　But now here's where the bias comes in。 Our most important institutions， our schools and our workplaces， they are designed mostly for extroverts and for extroverts' need for lots of stimulation。 And also we have this belief system right now that I call the new groupthink，which holds that all creativity and all productivity comes from a very oddly gregarious place。

　　但是現在偏見出現了我們最重要的那些體系我們的學校和工作單位它們都是為性格外向者設計的并且有適合他們需要的刺激和鼓勵當然我們現在也有這樣一種信用機制我稱它為新型的“團隊思考” 這是一種包含所有創造力和生產力的思考方式從一個社交非常零散的地方產生的

　　So if you picture the typical classroom nowadays： When I was going to school， we sat in rows。 We sat in rows of desks like this， and we did most of our work pretty autonomously。But nowadays， your typical classroom has pods of desks —— four or five or six or seven kids all facing each other。 And kids are working in countless group assignments。 Even in subjects like math and creative writing， which you think would depend on solo flights of thought， kids are now expected to act as committee members。 And for the kids who preferto go off by themselves or just to work alone， those kids are seen as outliers often or， worse， as problem cases。 And the vast majority of teachers reports believing that the ideal student is an extrovert as opposed to an introvert， even though introverts actually get better grades and are more knowledgeable， according to research。（Laughter）

　　當你描繪今天典型教室的圖案時當我還上學的時候我們一排排地坐著我們靠著桌子一排排坐著就像這樣并且我們大多數工作都是自覺完成的但是在現代社會，所謂典型的教室是些圈起來并排的桌子—— 四個或是五個或是六、七個孩子坐在一起，面對面孩子們要完成無數個小組任務甚至像數學和創意寫作這些課程這些你們認為需要依靠個人閃光想法的課程孩子們現在卻被期待成為小組會的成員對于那些喜歡獨處，或者自己一個人工作的孩子來說這些孩子常常被視為局外人或者更糟，被視為問題孩子并且很大一部分老師的報告中都相信最理想的學生應該是外向的相對于內向的學生而言甚至說外向的學生能夠取得更好的成績更加博學多識據研究報道（笑聲）

　　Okay， same thing is true in our workplaces。 Now， most of us work in open plan offices，without walls， where we are subject to the constant noise and gaze of our coworkers。 And when it comes to leadership， introverts are routinely passed over for leadership positions，even though introverts tend to be very careful， much less likely to take outsize risks ——which is something we might all favor nowadays。 And interesting research by Adam Grant at the Wharton School has found that introverted leaders often deliver better outcomes than extroverts do， because when they are managing proactive employees， they're much more likely to let those employees run with their ideas， whereas an extrovert can， quite unwittingly， get so excited about things that they're putting their own stamp on things， and other people's ideas might not as easily then bubble up to the surface。

　　好了。同樣的事情也發生在我們工作的地方現在呢，我們中的絕大多數都工作在寬闊沒有隔間的辦公室里甚至沒有墻在這里，我們暴露在不斷的噪音和我們同事的凝視目光下工作而當談及領袖氣質的時候內向的人總是按照慣例從領導的位置被忽視了盡管內向的人是非常小心仔細的很少去冒特大的風險—— 這些風險是今天我們可能都喜歡的賓夕法尼亞大學沃頓商學院的亞當·格蘭特教授做了一項很有意思的研究這項研究表明內向的領導們相對于外向領導而言總是會生產更大的效益因為當他們管理主動積極的雇員的時候他們更傾向于讓有主見的雇員去自由發揮反之外向的領導就可能，當然是不經意的對于事情變得十分激動他們在事務上有了自己想法的印跡這使其他人的想法可能就不會很容易地在舞臺上發光了

　　Now in fact， some of our transformative leaders in history have been introverts。 I'll give you some examples。 Eleanor Roosevelt， Rosa Parks， Gandhi —— all these peopled described themselves as quiet and soft—spoken and even shy。 And they all took the spotlight， even though every bone in their bodies was telling them not to。 And this turns out to have a special power all its own， because people could feel that these leaders were at the helm，not because they enjoyed directing others and not out of the pleasure of being looked at;they were there because they had no choice， because they were driven to do what they thought was right。

　　事實上，歷史上一些有改革能力的領袖都是內向的人我會舉一些例子給你們埃莉諾·羅斯福，羅沙·帕克斯，甘地 —— 所有這些人都把自己描述成內向，說話溫柔甚至是害羞的人他們仍然站在了聚光燈下即使他們渾身上下都感知他們說不要這證明是一種屬于它自身的特殊的力量因為人們都會感覺這些領導者同時是掌舵者并不是因為他們喜歡指揮別人抑或是享受眾人目光的聚焦他們處在那個位置因為他們沒有選擇因為他們行駛在他們認為正確的道路上

　　Now I think at this point it's important for me to say that I actually love extroverts。 I always like to say some of my best friends are extroverts， including my beloved husband。 And we all fall at different points， of course， along the introvert/extrovert spectrum。 Even Carl Jung， the psychologist who first popularized these terms， said that there's no such thing as a pure introvert or a pure extrovert。 He said that such a man would be in a lunatic asylum， if he existed at all。 And some people fall smack in the middle of the introvert/extrovert spectrum， and we call these people ambiverts。 And I often think that they have the best of all worlds。 But many of us do recognize ourselves as one type or the other。

　　現在我覺得對于這點我有必要說那就是我真的喜愛外向的人我總是喜歡說我最好的幾個朋友都是外向的人包括我親愛的丈夫當然了我們都會在不同點時偏向內向者/外向者的范圍甚至是卡爾·榮格，這個讓這些名詞為大眾所熟知的心理學家，說道世上絕沒有一個純粹的內向的人或者一個純粹的外向的人他說這樣的人會在精神病院里如果他存在的話還有一些人處在中間的跡象在內向與外向之間我們稱這些人為“中向性格者” 并且我總是認為他們擁有世界最美好的一切但是我們中的大多數總是認為自己屬于內向或者外向，其中一類

　　And what I'm saying is that culturally we need a much better balance。 We need more of a yin and yang between these two types。 This is especially important when it comes to creativity and to productivity， because when psychologists look at the lives of the most creative people， what they find are people who are very good at exchanging ideas and advancing ideas， but who also have a serious streak of introversion in them。

　　同時我想說從文化意義上講我們需要一種更好的平衡我們需要更多的陰陽的平衡在這兩種類型的人之間這點是極為重要的當涉及創造力和生產力的時候因為當心理學家們看待最有創造力的人的生命的時候他們尋找到的是那些擅長變換思維的人提出想法的人但是他們同時也有著極為顯著的偏內向的痕跡

　　And this is because solitude is a crucial ingredient often to creativity。 So Darwin， he took long walks alone in the woods and emphatically turned down dinner party invitations。Theodor Geisel， better known as Dr。 Seuss， he dreamed up many of his amazing creations in a lonely bell tower office that he had in the back of his house in La Jolla， California。 And he was actually afraid to meet the young children who read his books for fear that they were expecting him this kind of jolly Santa Claus—like figure and would be disappointed with his more reserved persona。 Steve Wozniak invented the first Apple computer sitting alone in his cubical in Hewlett—Packard where he was working at the time。 And he says that he never would have become such an expert in the first place had he not been too introverted to leave the house when he was growing up。

　　這是因為獨處是非常關鍵的因素對于創造力來說所以達爾文自己一個人漫步在小樹林里并且斷然拒絕了晚餐派對的邀約西奧多·蓋索，更多時候以蘇索博士的名號知名他夢想過很多的驚人的創作在他在加利福尼亞州拉霍亞市房子的后面的一座孤獨的束層的塔形辦公室中而且其實他很害怕見面見那些讀過他的書的年輕的孩子們害怕他們會期待他這樣一位令人愉快的，圣誕老人形象的人物同時又會因發現他含蓄緘默的性格而失望史蒂夫·沃茲尼亞克發明了第一臺蘋果電腦一個人獨自坐在他的機柜旁在他當時工作的惠普公司并且他說他永遠不會在那方面成為一號專家但他還沒因太內向到要離開那里那個他成長起來的地方

　　Now of course， this does not mean that we should all stop collaborating —— and case in point， is Steve Wozniak famously coming together with Steve Jobs to start Apple Computer —— but it does mean that solitude matters and that for some people it is the air that they breathe。 And in fact， we have known for centuries about the transcendent power of solitude。 It's only recently that we've strangely begun to forget it。 If you look at most of the world's major religions， you will find seekers —— Moses， Jesus， Buddha， Muhammad ——seekers who are going off by themselves alone to the wilderness where they then have profound epiphanies and revelations that they then bring back to the rest of the community。 So no wilderness， no revelations。

　　當然了這并不意味著我們都應該停止合作—— 恰當的例子呢，是史蒂夫·沃茲尼亞克和史蒂夫·喬布斯的著名聯手創建蘋果電腦公司—— 但是這并不意味著和獨處有重大關系并且對于一些人來說這是他們賴以呼吸生存的空氣事實上，幾個世紀以來我們已經非常明白獨處的卓越力量只是到了最近，非常奇怪，我們開始遺忘它了如果你看看世界上主要的宗教你會發現探尋者—— 摩西，耶穌，佛祖，那些獨身去探尋的人們在大自然的曠野中獨處，思索在那里，他們有了深刻的頓悟和對于奧義的揭示之后他們把這些思想帶回到社會的其他地方去沒有曠原，沒有啟示

　　This is no surprise though if you look at the insights of contemporary psychology。 It turns out that we can't even be in a group of people without instinctively mirroring， mimicking their opinions。 Even about seemingly personal and visceral things like who you're attracted to， you will start aping the beliefs of the people around you without even realizing that that's what you're doing。

　　盡管這并不令人驚訝如果你注意到現代心理學的思想理論它反映出來我們甚至不能和一組人待在一起而不去本能地模仿他們的意見與想法甚至是看上去私人的，發自內心的事情像是你被誰所吸引你會開始模仿你周圍的人的信仰甚至都覺察不到你自己在做什么

　　And groups famously follow the opinions of the most dominant or charismatic person in the room， even though there's zero correlation between being the best talker and having the best ideas —— I mean zero。 So 。。。（Laughter） You might be following the person with the best ideas， but you might not。 And do you really want to leave it up to chance？ Much better for everybody to go off by themselves， generate their own ideas freed from the distortions of group dynamics， and then come together as a team to talk them through in a well—managed environment and take it from there。

　　還曾跟隨群體的意見跟隨著房間里最具有統治力的，最有領袖氣質的人的思路雖然這真的沒什么關系在成為一個卓越的演講家還是擁有最好的主意之間—— 我的意思是“零相關” 那么。。。（笑聲）你們或許會跟隨有最好頭腦的人但是你們也許不會可你們真的想把這機會扔掉嗎？如果每個人都自己行動或許好得多發掘他們自己的想法沒有群體動力學的曲解接著來到一起組成一個團隊在一個良好管理的環境中互相交流并且在那里學習別的思想

　　Now if all this is true， then why are we getting it so wrong？ Why are we setting up our schools this way and our workplaces？ And why are we making these introverts feel so guilty about wanting to just go off by themselves some of the time？ One answer lies deep in our cultural history。 Western societies， and in particular the U。S。， have always favored the man of action over the man of contemplation and "man" of contemplation。 But in America's early days， we lived in what historians call a culture of character， where we still， at that point， valued people for their inner selves and their moral rectitude。 And if you look at the self—help books from this era， they all had titles with things like "Character， the Grandest Thing in the World。" And they featured role models like Abraham Lincoln who was praised for being modest and unassuming。 Ralph Waldo Emerson called him "A man who does not offend by superiority。"

　　如果說現在這一切都是真的那么為什么我們還得到這樣錯誤的結論？為什么我們要這樣創立我們的學校，還有我們的工作單位？為什么我們要讓這些內向的人覺得那么愧疚。對于他們只是想要離開，一個人獨處一段時間的事實？有一個答案在我們的文化史中埋藏已久西方社會特別是在美國總是偏愛有行動的人而不是有深刻思考的人有深刻思考的“人” 但是在美國早期的時候我們生活在一個被歷史學家稱作“性格特征”的文化那時我們仍然，在這點上，判斷人們的價值從人們的內涵和道義正直而且如果你看一看這個時代關于自立的書籍的話它們都有這樣一種標題： “性格”，世界上最偉大的事物并且它們以亞伯拉罕·林肯這樣的為標榜一個被形容為謙虛低調的男人拉爾夫·瓦爾多·愛默生稱他是 “一個以‘優越’二字形容都不為過的人”

　　But then we hit the 20th century and we entered a new culture that historians call the culture of personality。 What happened is we had evolved an agricultural economy to a world of big business。 And so suddenly people are moving from small towns to the cities。And instead of working alongside people they've known all their lives， now they are having to prove themselves in a crowd of strangers。 So， quite understandably， qualities like magnetism and charisma suddenly come to seem really important。 And sure enough， the self—help books change to meet these new needs and they start to have names like "How to Win Friends and Influence People。" And they feature as their role models really great salesmen。 So that's the world we're living in today。 That's our cultural inheritance。

　　但是接著我們來到了二十世紀并且我們融入了一種新的文化一種被歷史學家稱作“個性”的文化所發生的改變就是我們從農業經濟發展為一個大商業經濟的世界而且人們突然開始搬遷從小的城鎮搬向城市并且一改他們之前的在生活中和所熟識的人們一起工作的方式現在他們在一群陌生人中間有必要去證明自己這樣做是非常可以理解的像領袖氣質和個人魅力這樣的品質突然間似乎變得極為重要那么可以肯定的是，自助自立的書的`內容變更了以適應這些新的需求并且它們開始擁有名稱像是《如何贏得朋友和影響他人》（戴爾？卡耐基所著《人性的弱點》）他們的特點是做自己的榜樣不得不說確實是好的推銷員所以這就是我們今天生活的世界這是我們的文化遺產

　　Now none of this is to say that social skills are unimportant， and I'm also not calling for the abolishing of teamwork at all。 The same religions who send their sages off to lonely mountain tops also teach us love and trust。 And the problems that we are facing today in fields like science and in economics are so vast and so complex that we are going to need armies of people coming together to solve them working together。 But I am saying that the more freedom that we give introverts to be themselves， the more likely that they are to come up with their own unique solutions to these problems。

　　現在沒有誰能夠說社交技能是不重要的并且我也不是想呼吁大家廢除團隊合作模式但仍是相同的宗教，卻把他們的圣人送到了孤獨的山頂上仍然教導我們愛與信任還有我們今天所要面對的問題像是在科學和經濟領域是如此的巨大和復雜以至于我們需要人們強有力地團結起來共同解決這些問題但是我想說，越給內向者自由讓他們做自己他們就做得越好去想出他們獨特的關于問題的解決辦法

　　So now I'd like to share with you what's in my suitcase today。 Guess what？ Books。 I have a suitcase full of books。 Here's Margaret Atwood， "Cat's Eye。" Here's a novel by Milan Kundera。 And here's "The Guide for the Perplexed" by Maimonides。 But these are not exactly my books。 I brought these books with me because they were written by my grandfather's favorite authors。

　　所以現在我很高興同你們分享我手提箱中的東西猜猜是什么？書我有一個手提箱里面裝滿了書這是瑪格麗特·阿特伍德的《貓的眼睛》這是一本米蘭·昆德拉的書這是一本《迷途指津》是邁蒙尼德寫的但這些實際上都不是我的書我還是帶著它們，陪伴著我因為它們都是我祖父最喜愛的作家所寫

　　My grandfather was a rabbi and he was a widower who lived alone in a small apartment in Brooklyn that was my favorite place in the world when I was growing up， partly because it was filled with his very gentle， very courtly presence and partly because it was filled with books。 I mean literally every table， every chair in this apartment had yielded its original function to now serve as a surface for swaying stacks of books。 Just like the rest of my family， my grandfather's favorite thing to do in the whole world was to read。

　　我的祖父是一名猶太教祭司他獨身一人在布魯克林的一間小公寓中居住那里是我從小到大在這個世界上最喜愛的地方部分原因是他有著非常溫和親切的，溫文爾雅的舉止部分原因是那里充滿了書我的意思是，毫不夸張地說，公寓中的每張桌子，每張椅子都充分應用著它原有的功能就是現在作為承載一大堆都在搖曳的書的表面就像我其他的家庭成員一樣我祖父在這個世界上最喜歡做的事情就是閱讀

　　But he also loved his congregation， and you could feel this love in the sermons that he gave every week for the 62 years that he was a rabbi。 He would takes the fruits of each week's reading and he would weave these intricate tapestries of ancient and humanist thought。 And people would come from all over to hear him speak。

　　但是他同樣也熱愛他的宗教并且你們可以從他的講述中感覺到他這種愛這62年來每周他都作為一名猶太教的祭司他會從每周的閱讀中汲取養分并且他會編織這些錯綜復雜的古代和人文主義的思想的掛毯并且人們會從各個地方前來聽他的講話

　　But here's the thing about my grandfather。 Underneath this ceremonial role， he was really modest and really introverted —— so much so that when he delivered these sermons， he had trouble making eye contact with the very same congregation that he had been speaking to for 62 years。 And even away from the podium， when you called him to say hello， he would often end the conversation prematurely for fear that he was taking up too much of your time。 But when he died at the age of 94， the police had to close down the streets of his neighborhood to accommodate the crowd of people who came out to mourn him。 And so these days I try to learn from my grandfather's example in my own way。

　　但是有這么一件關于我祖父的事情在這個正式的角色下隱藏著他是一個非常謙虛的非常內向的人是那么的謙虛內向以至于當他在向人們講述的時候他都不敢有視線上的接觸和同樣的教堂會眾他已經發言有62年了甚至都還遠離領獎臺當你們讓他說“你好”的時候他總會提早結束這對話擔心他會占用你太多的時間但是當他94歲去世的時候警察們需要封鎖他所居住的街道鄰里來容納擁擠的人們前來哀悼他的人們這些天來我都試著從我祖父的事例中學習以我自己的方式

　　So I just published a book about introversion， and it took me about seven years to write。And for me， that seven years was like total bliss， because I was reading， I was writing， I was thinking， I was researching。 It was my version of my grandfather's hours of the day alone in his library。 But now all of a sudden my job is very different， and my job is to be out here talking about it， talking about introversion。（Laughter） And that's a lot harder for me，because as honored as I am to be here with all of you right now， this is not my natural milieu。

　　所以我就出版了一本關于內向性格的書它花了我7年的時間完成它而對我來說，這七年像是一種極大的喜悅因為我在閱讀，我在寫作我在思考，我在探尋這是我的版本對于爺爺一天中幾個小時都要獨自待在圖書館這件事但是現在突然間我的工作變得很不同了我的工作變成了站在這里講述它講述內向的性格（笑聲）而且這對于我來說是有一點困難的因為我很榮幸在現在被你們所有人所傾聽這可不是我自然的文化背景

　　So I prepared for moments like these as best I could。 I spent the last year practicing public speaking every chance I could get。 And I call this my "year of speaking dangerously。" （Laughter） And that actually helped a lot。 But I'll tell you， what helps even more is my sense， my belief， my hope that when it comes to our attitudes to introversion and to quiet and to solitude， we truly are poised on the brink on dramatic change。 I mean， we are。 And so I am going to leave you now with three calls for action for those who share this vision。

　　所以我準備了一會就像這樣以我所能做到的最好的方式我花了最近一年的時間練習在公共場合發言在我能得到的每一個機會中我把這一年稱作我的“危險地發言的一年” （笑聲）而且它的確幫了我很大的忙但是我要告訴你們一個幫我更大的忙的事情那就是我的感覺，我的信仰，我的希望當談及我們態度的時候對于內向性格的，對于安靜，對于獨處的態度時我們確實是在急劇變化的邊緣上保持微妙的平衡我的意思是，我們在保持平衡現在我將要給你們留下一些東西三件對于你們的行動有幫助的事情獻給那些觀看我的演講的人

　　Number one： Stop the madness for constant group work。 Just stop it。（Laughter） Thank you。（Applause） And I want to be clear about what I'm saying， because I deeply believe our offices should be encouraging casual， chatty cafe—style types of interactions —— you know， the kind where people come together and serendipitously have an exchange of ideas。That is great。 It's great for introverts and it's great for extroverts。 But we need much more privacy and much more freedom and much more autonomy at work。 School， same thing。We need to be teaching kids to work together， for sure， but we also need to be teaching them how to work on their own。 This is especially important for extroverted children too。They need to work on their own because that is where deep thought comes from in part。

　　第一：停止對于經常要團隊協作的執迷與瘋狂停止它就好了（笑聲）謝謝你們（掌聲）我想讓我所說的事情變得清晰一些因為我對于我們的辦公深信不疑應該鼓勵它們那種休閑隨意的，聊天似的咖啡廳式的相互作用—— 你們知道的，道不同不相為謀，人們聚到一起并且互相交換著寶貴的意見這是很棒的這對于內向者很好，同樣對于外向者也好但是我們需要更多的隱私和更多的自由還有更多對于我們本身工作的自主權對于學校，也是同樣的。我們當然需要教會孩子們要一起學習工作但是我們同樣需要教會孩子們怎么樣獨立完成任務這對于外向的孩子們來說同樣是極為重要的他們需要獨立完成工作因為從某種程度上，這是他們深刻思考的來源

　　Okay， number two： Go to the wilderness。 Be like Buddha， have your own revelations。 I'm not saying that we all have to now go off and build our own cabins in the woods and never talk to each other again， but I am saying that we could all stand to unplug and get inside our own heads a little more often。

　　好了，第二個：去到野外（打開思維）就像佛祖一樣，擁有你們自己對于事物的揭示啟迪我并不是說我們都要跑去小樹林里建造我們自己的小屋并且之后就永遠不和別人說話了但是我要說我們都可以堅持去去除一些障礙物然后深入我們自己的大腦思想時不時得再深入一點

　　Number three： Take a good look at what's inside your own suitcase and why you put it there。 So extroverts， maybe your suitcases are also full of books。 Or maybe they're full of champagne glasses or skydiving equipment。 Whatever it is， I hope you take these things out every chance you get and grace us with your energy and your joy。 But introverts， you being you， you probably have the impulse to guard very carefully what's inside your own suitcase。 And that's okay。 But occasionally， just occasionally， I hope you will open up your suitcases for other people to see， because the world needs you and it needs the things you carry。

　　第三點：好好看一眼你的旅行箱內有什么東西還有你為什么把它放進去所以外向者們也許你們的箱子內同樣堆滿了書或者它們裝滿了香檳的玻璃酒杯或者是跳傘運動的設備不管它是什么，我希望每當你們有機會你們就把它拿出來用你的能量和你的快樂讓我們感受到美和享受但是內向者們，你們作為內向者你們很可能有仔細保護一切的沖動在你箱子里的東西這沒有問題但是偶爾地，只是說偶爾地我希望你們可以打開你們的手提箱，讓別人看一看因為這個世界需要你們，同樣需要你們身上所攜帶的你們特有的事物

　　So I wish you the best of all possible journeys and the courage to speak softly。

　　所以對于你們即將走上的所有旅程，我都給予你們我最美好的祝愿還有溫柔地說話的勇氣

　　Thank you。 Thank you。

　　非常感謝你們

　　（掌聲）

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